The Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) measures a relatively positive adaptation despite adversity. This research aims to translate and validate the BRS into Vietnamese. Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, measurement invariance analysis across gender, and test-retest reliability were examined consecutively in Study 1 (n = 304), Study 2 (n = 301), and Study 3 (n = 48). BRS has demonstrated good psychometric properties, including acceptable internal consistency reliability ([alpha] = 0.66) and test-retest reliability (r = 0.67). Researchers have found a two-factor structure of the BRS in study 1, and the scale scores showed adequate internal consistency. The two-factor structure was confirmed with a new sample in study 2. BRS construct validity was further examined by correlating with psychological well-being, self-compassion, stress, anxiety, and depression. Although some salient limitations exist in the present study, such as the self-selected sample included a higher level of education than the average in Vietnam, and data were collected via self-report. However, our research suggested that the BRS could measure the Vietnamese university students' resilience by assessing two dimensions (negative and positive resilience). The Vietnamese version of BRS is a good psychometric for resilience studies in Viet Nam.