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Glaser, Robert; Cox, Richard C. – 1968
Achievement tests may be either norm-referenced or criterion-referenced. The norm-referenced test indicates an individual's proficiency level with respect to other individuals. A criterion-referenced test measures an individual's performance with respect to a specific level along the continuum of attainment. Further, an achievement test may be…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Group Testing, Individual Testing, Measurement Techniques
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Hafner, Bob; And Others – Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 1989
Criticizes the Mitchell and Lawson (1988) report from the viewpoint of individual interview method. Provides Lawson's reply to the comment by showing differences in research philosophy and methods. (YP)
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, College Science, Educational Research, Genetics
Edwards, Thomas M. – 1971
The performance of 131 urban sixth-grade students on the Uses Test of creativity was studied in four environments to determine the effects of testing condition variables and to find optimal testing procedures. Testing condition variables included the giving of grades vs. no grades and individual vs. group administration of the task. The four test…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Creativity, Creativity Tests, Environmental Influences