Despite the need to possess adequate problem-solving skills (Grady, Watkins, & Montalvo, 2014), mathematics performance among students -- especially in urban communities, remains stagnant (NCES, 2003; TIMMS, 2015; NAEP, 2019). Langlie (2008) held problem-solving skills introduced in elementary schools would prepare students for tremendous…

Despite the need to possess adequate problem-solving skills (Grady, Watkins, & Montalvo, 2014), mathematics performance among students--especially in urban communities, remains stagnant (NCES, 2003; TIMMS, 2015; NAEP, 2019). Langlie (2008) held problem-solving skills introduced in elementary schools would prepare students for tremendous…

Background: Prior studies on fraction magnitude understanding focused mainly on students with relatively sufficient formal instruction on fractions whose fraction magnitude understanding is relatively mature. Aim: This study fills a research gap by investigating fraction magnitude understanding in the early stages of fraction instruction. It…

Purpose: The purpose of this journal-ready dissertation was to examine the relationship of exclusionary discipline consequences assigned to Texas Grade 3 through 8 students enrolled in special education and their academic achievement during the 2012-2013 through the 2015-2016 school year. In addition, the relationship of exclusionary discipline…

Successful education of young students is a demanding task that requires attention to adaptive teaching methodologies, and physiological learning systems described in neuroscience. This dissertation evaluated correlational relationships between cerebellum motor coordination, and academic proficiency in mathematics and English language arts (ELA)…

The present study evaluated the effects and interaction of item set size and instructional time on students' fluency growth rates with multiplication facts over time when using an Explicit Timing intervention. The first goal was to determine an interaction between set size and instructional time across time that would influence the fluency growth…

In line with the reciprocal internal/external frame of reference model (RI/E model), it is well-established that secondary school students generate domain-specific ability self-concepts by comparing their own performance in a domain socially (i.e., with others' performance in this domain) and dimensionally (i.e., with their own performance in…

Guided by a theoretical framework emphasizing the importance of fidelity of implementation (FOI), this paper explores how teachers of grades 3, 4 and 5 implemented an early algebra intervention, and the relationship between FOI and student learning. The data shared in this paper come from a longitudinal experimental research project in which 3,208…

The importance of different criteria for tracking recommendations is usually inferred using regression weights as a cross-student measure. The few studies that have applied alternative approaches or differentiated between student groups sometimes reach different conclusions. According to research on judgment and decision making (JDM), different…

It is well-documented that academic achievement is associated with students' self-perceptions of their academic abilities, that is, their academic self-concepts. However, low-achieving students may apply self-protective strategies to maintain a favorable academic self-concept when evaluating their academic abilities. Consequently, the relation…

Explicit timing is an empirically validated intervention to increase problem completion rates by exposing individuals to a stopwatch and explicitly telling them of the time limit for the assignment. Though explicit timing has proven to be effective for groups of students, some students may not respond well to explicit timing based on factors such…

The International Large-Scale Assessment (ILSA) is a rapidly growing field in education which has gained considerable attention of stakeholders across the globe. Historically, ILSA emerged from the developed context which has drifted to the developing contexts in a short span of time due to globalisation. Pakistan has participated in ILSA (i.e.,…

The National Assessment Governing Board has a legislatively mandated responsibility to develop National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) achievement levels. The Board Policy Statement on Developing Student Achievement Levels for the National Assessment of Educational Progress provides policy definitions of "NAEP Basic,"…

Over the last two decades, the educational use of digital devices, including digital assessments, has become a regular feature of teaching in primary education in the Netherlands. However, researchers have not reached a consensus about the so-called "mode effect," which refers to the possible impact of using computer-based tests (CBT)…

The purpose of this study was to determine if implementing a mathematics response-to-intervention program increases student achievement on the State of Texas Assessments of Academic Readiness mathematics test among fourth-grade students. The goal of this study was to determine if implementation leads to increased student performance among the…