This is the first in a series of six articles about how spatial reasoning can help children "read" maps, graphs, and geographic texts. Since the late 1900s, neuroscientists and psychologists have used new brain-scanning and eye-tracking technologies to do a "lot" of research about visual perception and spatial thinking. One key…

Aerial imagery has a great capacity to engage and maintain student interest while providing a contextual setting to strengthen their ability to reason proportionally. Free, on-demand, high-resolution, large-scale aerial photography provides both a bird's eye view of the world and a new perspective on one's own community. This article presents an…

Suggests a teaching method (the Visual Response System, VRS) for use in teaching geography concepts to students in high school social studies classes. The purpose of the VRS is to increase the level of active student response to instructional material. A program based on VRS map skills is described. (DB)

Fifteen maps of Florida, each containing errors to be corrected by students, are presented for use in teaching Florida geography. Among the error maps included are Florida's borders today, the rivers of Florida, cities in the Grapefruit League, and Florida's European explorers. Teachers are encouraged to reproduce the maps and students to use the…

Information on unit objectives, materials needed, teaching strategies, and activites is given for a model unit focusing on geographical concepts of spatial association and accessibility, changing landscapes, and the local community. (SM)

Results indicate that both programmed instruction and conventional text instruction could be effective in contributing significantly to the geography achievement of pupils, with programmed instruction being more effective in producing greater achievement in and more favorable attitudes towards map reading. (Author/AM)

Discusses the educational benefits of map usage in social studies classrooms. Recommends approaches to teaching map skills, including instruction in location, distance, scale, and direction. Presents activities which utilize neighborhood resources. Describes an activity in which students devise maps of their local community. (RW)

This monograph discusses the importance of maps and mapping techniques for students in elementary and secondary school geography classes. Maps are interpreted to include plotter print outs, space and aerial photographs, plastic three-dimensional relief models, spatial images on cathode ray tubes, and holographs (images produced by laser beams).…

Activities designed for primary children to develop the geographic concepts of spatial arrangement and location, as well as to build basic map skills, are outlined. (Author/KM)

This bulletin lists map concepts and skills in a workable, sequential order of teaching in grades 1 through 6. By using the grade level lists the teacher perceives his part in the total program. The list can also be used to test children before they advance to the next sequence. For each set of skills the bulletin outlines what to teach and…

This program presents a method for improving geographic literacy in a logical and meaningful way and for inclusion of geography in every social studies class. The third grade program utilizes six questions per week over a period of 32 weeks and is designed to be used during the first five minutes of each social studies class. The program focuses…