The Gough Femininity Scale was administered to undergraduates at an urban community college over an 11-year period. Means for male and female students remained relatively the same, which may suggest that although sexual behaviors have changed, psychological attitudes and traits have not. (CJM)

Reviews the growing critique of the gender system being developed by heterosexual and gay male scholars in the communication field, in which a sex role-based approach to the study of masculinity is rejected and the socially constructed nature of gender is emphasized. (SR)

Using 1,043 men across 3 samples, the psychometric properties of the Gender Role Conflict Scale were examined. Next, using 130 male counseling clients across 2 samples, the relation between gender role conflict and psychological distress was examined. Male gender role conflict was significantly related to psychological distress, with the…

Explores the concept of duality in masculinity, and specifically in black masculinity, as currently presented in the superhero comic book. At an obvious and symbolic level, comic book masculinity characterizes a model of gender behavior that is slipping into the hypermasculine. (Author/SLD)

Reviews three books on street gangs that examine the formation of gangs between the 1940s and 1970s (a period that predates their connection to drug trafficking), look at masculinity in gang culture following the advent of their connection to drug trafficking, and highlight the role of the gangster in American culture in the 1920s and 1930s. (SM)

Reveals an absence of a section for books about non-homosexual masculinity. Notes that there has been growing interest amongst academics in exploring masculinity lately, including the heterosexual kind. Suggests that phallic masculinity defines maleness as natural and fixed--what one is born with--and that therefore it represents the complete and…

The seven articles in this theme issue address issues of masculinity in a Canadian context. The issue opens with a discussion of the complexity of gender issues, presents a theoretical framework and four case studies, and pulls together the literature as it points out contradictions. The focus throughout is on how boys and men negotiate masculine…

In this article I discuss an excerpt from a group discussion between five 15-year-old boys who, in the presence of an adult moderator, engaged in the act of "slut bashing" while telling a minimal story about an incident of female promiscuity. The analysis proceeds microanalytically in a three-step procedure that details the positions taken by the…

Since the mid 1990s "boys" as an equity concern have come to dominate the gender and education agenda in many countries. This has been particularly the case in Australia where substantial funding has been invested in research to investigate boys' issues, into a federal parliamentary inquiry into boys' education and into schools that have…

Popular discourses concerning the relationship between gender and academic literacies have suggested that boys are lacking in particular, school-based literacy competencies compared with girls. Such discourses construct "gender" according to a binary framework and they obscure the way in which literacy and textual practices operate as a site in…

Patterns of sexually coercive behavior were examined among 266 Asian American and 299 European American men over 1 year. Noncoercer (n = 358), desister (n = 120), initiator (n = 39), and persistent (n = 48) sexually coercive groups were identified. The strongest predictor of sexual coercion was past sexual coercion. Persistent sexual coercers were…

Data presented for 124 young adult Black men indicate that self-esteem was positively related to participants' Internalization racial identity attitudes, and negatively related to conformity to traditional masculine norms in the dominant culture in the United States. Psychological distress was positively related to Pre-Encounter and…

Noting that previous research has shown that television content influences attitudes and behavior, a content analysis of 269 television commercials broadcast during prime time was conducted to examine whether male sex role stereotyping existed in the commercials and, if it did, to determine the characteristics of that stereotyping and whether the…

FACTOR ANALYSES WERE PERFORMED UPON FOUR MASCULINITY-FEMINITY (MF) SCALES AND UPON THE 136-ITEMS COMPRISING THESE SCALES. RESULTS OF THE FIRST ANALYSIS ILLUSTRATED THE DIFFICULTY OF INTERPRETING FACTORS BASED ON HETEROGENEOUS SCALES. THE ITEM FACTORING REVEALED THE MULTIDIMENSIONALITY OF MF. CERTAIN ITEM FACTORS WERE UNCORRELATED WITH SEX STATUS…

Six experiments investigated whether the pronoun "he," when used generically, may lead individuals to think more often of male referents. While no support was found for a pure pronoun effect, some evidence was found for a masculine bias when the word "man" was combined with "he." (Author/MJL)