Data presented in this paper suggest that mentally retarded males are more likely to be institutionalized than retarded females, and that males tend to be institutionalized at earlier ages and for milder disorders. (Author/EB)

This paper studies 411 heterosexual college students' gender roles and sexual experiences, including those experiences affecting women assuming traditional male roles in dating and sexual interactions. Findings reveal no specific patterns, but women's sexual experiences and nontraditional roles depend on the specific role and the status and…

Studied ideal body size beliefs of 337 white and 159 black adolescent males. Findings point toward a greater approval and social acceptance of a larger body size for black females by black males. Cultural differences may be a factor to consider in designing appropriate weight control programs. (SLD)

A historical review of outdoor education in the United Kingdom discusses early objectives of preparing young men for war, improving physical health and moral character, and preventing juvenile delinquency; girls' outdoor courses of the 1950s that emphasized hygiene, homemaking, and child care skills; and outdoor education's reflection of sex-role…

This literature review focuses on the overrepresentation of African-American males in special education. The most prevalent factors that contribute to this epidemic are poverty and the perceptions of teachers, their attitudes towards African-American men and the lack of their cultural understandings. Not only does this literature review focus on…

A review of research into the sex-related differences in persuasibility. (CH)

In recent years, scholarly and applied inquiry has addressed the importance of interpersonal communication patterns and problems in maximum security institutions for males. As a result of this research, the number of programs designed to improve the interpersonal effectiveness of prison inmates has increased dramatically. Research suggests that…

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the extent to which sexism exists in elementary and secondary textbooks. The findings of two recent studies of elementary and secondary textbooks are summarized and directed to four questions: Do textbooks describe the real world as females and males experience it in our society? Should textbooks describe…

Attitudinal differences between males and females on certain issues have been repeatedly documented through commercial public polls and academic studies. One of these differences is the greater reluctance on the part of females to support the use of institutional violence as an instrument of public policy. This paper empirically explores the…

The purpose of this research was to study the effects of men's attitudes toward the principles of the women's liberation movement as a function of their own self-esteem. The author hypothesizes that males found to have high levels of self esteem will have favorable and positive attitudes toward women's liberation while men with low levels of self…

One hundred twenty-six counselor education students, differentiated according to counselor education status and sex, were studied for differences in attitudes toward self, most people, most clients, and purposes as a counselor. Practicum students completing their educational program were more positive in their counseling-related attitudes than…

This study was designed to determine whether Libyan nationals in the United States for more than four years express more "modern" attitudes toward the role of women in the workforce. Questionnaire responses from 100 Libyan students indicated no relationship between length of stay and attitudes. (BW)

Male threat from female competence (MTFC), a hypothesized personality disposition in males who experience competence in females as psychologically threatening, is assessed via a sentence-completion measure and validated in an experimental study of 91 ongoing college dating couples. Results are discussed. (Author)

Gives a history of attitudes toward homosexuality and discusses the consequences of homophobia, an irrational fear of homosexuality. Stresses that social workers must understand that feelings and fantasies about same-sex behavior are natural before they can help clients cope with the social problems engendered by homophobia. (Author/JAC)

Discusses the causes of voluntary and involuntary midlife career changes by men. Examines factors to be considered by counselors whose clients are involved in these transitions. (RC)