Reviews nonverbal behavior research which reveals a recurrent theme of greater politeness and accommodation by women rather than men in the encoding and decoding of nonverbal cues. These findings complement a large literature on sex differences which suggests that women are more emotionally expressive, sensitive, supportive, and accommodating than…

Generalization across three stimulus parameters (therapist, setting, and demands) was examined for five men with severe/profound mental retardation whose self-injurious behavior was maintained by escape from task demands. Variables were held constant during the escape extinction treatment. Full or partial generalization to novel situations was…

Distinguishes between relevant domains (school vs. leisure) and conventional versus non-conventional personal characteristics and skills in a sample of 219 delinquent boys. Uncovers differences in the formation of the self concept of societally at-risk boys and provides implications for prevention, management, and further research. (EMK)

The patrol performance of forty-one female police officers was compared to that of forty-one male police officers in New York City in 1975/1976; the males and females were matched by length of time on force, patrol experience, and type of precinct. Direct observation by police and civilian personnel was the principal research method. The findings…

Bem's Psychological Androgyny Theory (PAT) posits two independent domains of behavior on which individuals may be rated. Instrumental (Type I) behavior reflects a problem-solving orientation; expressive (Type E) behavior reflects an affective concern for the welfare of others. To examine the hypothesis that these two dimensions theoretically…

In a study of how race versus shared belief affected work partner choice, 91 white college students, most of them from the southern United States, participated in group discussions of topics that were relevant or irrelevant to racial prejudice. Members of each group, in addition to the one subject, were one Hispanic male, one Hispanic female, one…

This paper investigated whether male and female college teachers exhibit differences in the way in which they manage authority in the classroom. The hypothesis was that sex differences in classroom authority management were likely to exist for two reasons. First, female professors would have to adopt masculine sex-typed styles of interaction in…

A study examined the relationship between rhetorical sensitivity and self-disclosure. Subjects were 419 college students who completed the Rhetorical Sensitivity Scale and the Self-Disclosure Situations Survey. The results indicated that rhetorical sensitivity and self-disclosure were inversely related. Rhetorically sensitive individuals did not…

Behavioral differences have often been noted between blacks and whites. These differences seem to be associated with the perception and interpretation of the environment and the subsequent selection of the appropriate adapting strategies. This is a socialized difference which is best explained by the concept of psychological differentiation or…

This bibliography, containing more than 250 entries, presents research and theoretical perspectives into the male sex role. Articles were chosen for their usefulness to researchers, with emphasis on scientific and data-based research literature. All the annotations use a standard format including subjects, method, findings and comments. Articles…

Ninety-six male and female undergraduates participated in a test of the influence of sex role on performance in a masculine task. Subject sex, norm (challenging or not challenging), and experimenter (male, female, or no experimenter present) were varied in a 2 x 2 x 3 design. When challenged, subjects worked more successfully in the presence of a…

The effects of performance feedback of success and failure given by partners to 96 subjects of the same or opposite racial groups were measured in terms of subsequent performance on a paired-associate learning task and number of negative and positive adjectives checked for self and partner. Analysis of variance showed that the procedure yielded a…