This paper empirically examines associations between female labor force participation (FLFP) and democracy. Using a cross-country, time series (1980-2005) data set, we find evidence that FLFP is lower in democracies. One possible explanation is that dictators promote FLFP above what traditional norms would dictate and so a greater freedom to…

Fewer than five percent of the leaders of the nation's largest and most prestigious institutions are women. These few women are younger and better educated than their male counterparts and they tend to have careers in universities or government, rather than in corporations. (Author/RM)

Data from 1970 on work life expectancy indicate that the average number of years spent in the labor force is declining for men and rising for women, with an increase in the number of working women with children under six. Tables supplement the discussion. (LH)

Investigates the causal dynamics underlying the negative relationship between occupational income and concentrations of minority (female and black male) workers: regression analyses of 1950 through 1970. Census data on detailed occupations indicate that competition and segregation are race or sex specific processes. (Author/JM)

The impact of the socialist government on Cuban women is examined. Opportunities for gender equality have been generated, but they can only be realized through policies imposed from above and the expansion of consciousness from below. The interaction of these levels will provide better opportunities and more power for women. (VM)

Rapid societal changes in traditional male-female relationships partially explain current black male-female communication conflict; but first-generation black professional women face unique problems in maintaining effective communication in two subcultures. Data from a doctoral dissertation on black professional women's perceptions of their…

To examine the attitudes of management literature toward female managers, 27 articles published in "Management Review" between 1951 and 1981 were subjected to both content analysis and fantasy theme analysis with attention to dramatistic plot elements. Used to identify and categorize prominent themes, content analysis revealed three…

Women are at a disadvantage under both Social Security and private employee pension plans because the retirement systems were set up at a time when most women were non-working spouses of employed men, a condition that no longer exists. Today women workers, divorcees, and widows of retirees often find themselves with inadequate retirement benefits…

This document is a summary of the longer document of the same name which was published by the Social Security Administration in response to the changes in American society that have made the traditional male/female roles of lifelong worker/lifelong homemaker no longer representative. The study focused on such issues as dependent's benefits and…