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Direct linkAubé, Sophie; Mimeau, Catherine; Gagnon, Eloi; Remon, Alexandra; Brendgen, Mara; Vitaro, Frank; Ouellet-Morin, Isabelle; Tremblay, Richard E.; Boivin, Michel; Dionne, Ginette – Developmental Psychology, 2022
Given the importance of writing for academic achievement, this study aimed to understand how early oral language contributes to later writing skills. The first objective was to determine if preschool language skills were associated with high school writing, and if so, whether they contributed directly or indirectly through school age language. The…
Descriptors: Language Skills, Writing Skills, Academic Achievement, Oral Language
Rice, Mabel L.; Zubrick, Stephen R.; Taylor, Catherine L.; Hoffman, Lesa; Gayán, Javier – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2018
Purpose: This study investigates the heritability of language, speech, and nonverbal cognitive development of twins at 4 and 6 years of age. Possible confounding effects of twinning and zygosity, evident at 2 years, were investigated among other possible predictors of outcomes. Method: The population-based twin sample included 627 twin pairs and 1…
Descriptors: Longitudinal Studies, Genetics, Twins, Cognitive Development
Christopher, Micaela E.; Hulslander, Jacqueline; Byrne, Brian; Samuelsson, Stefan; Keenan, Janice M.; Pennington, Bruce; DeFries, John C.; Wadsworth, Sally J.; Willcutt, Erik; Olson, Richard K. – Child Development, 2015
The present study explored the environmental and genetic etiologies of the longitudinal relations between prereading skills and reading and spelling. Twin pairs (n = 489) were assessed before kindergarten (M = 4.9 years), post-first grade (M = 7.4 years), and post-fourth grade (M = 10.4 years). Genetic influences on five prereading skills (print…
Descriptors: Genetics, Longitudinal Studies, Reading Comprehension, Environmental Influences
Tucker-Drob, Elliot M.; Reynolds, Chandra A.; Finkel, Deborah; Pedersen, Nancy L. – Developmental Psychology, 2014
Aging-related declines occur in many different domains of cognitive function during middle and late adulthood. However, whether a global dimension underlies individual differences in changes in different domains of cognition and whether global genetic influences on cognitive changes exist is less clear. We addressed these issues by applying…
Descriptors: Genetics, Environmental Influences, Aging (Individuals), Cognitive Ability
Barnes, J. C.; Beaver, Kevin M.; Connolly, Eric J.; Schwartz, Joseph A. – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2016
There has been significant interest in examining the developmental factors that predispose individuals to chronic criminal offending. This body of research has identified some social-environmental risk factors as potentially important. At the same time, the research producing these results has generally failed to employ genetically sensitive…
Descriptors: Crime, Social Influences, Biology, Genetics
Finkel, Deborah; Reynolds, Chandra A.; McArdle, John J.; Hamagami, Fumiaki; Pedersen, Nancy L. – Developmental Psychology, 2009
Previous analyses have identified a genetic contribution to the correlation between declines with age in processing speed and higher cognitive abilities. The goal of the current analysis was to apply the biometric dual change score model to consider the possibility of temporal dynamics underlying the genetic covariance between aging trajectories…
Descriptors: Genetics, Aging (Individuals), Cognitive Ability, Twins
Davis, Oliver S. P.; Arden, Rosalind; Plomin, Robert – Intelligence, 2008
A 2003 paper in this journal reported results from a large sample of twins assessed at 2, 3 and 4 years of age on parent-administered tests and reports of their verbal and nonverbal ability. We found clear evidence for phenotypic general cognitive ability (g) that accounted for about 50% of the variance, for modest genetic influence on g (about…
Descriptors: Twins, Toddlers, Children, Measurement Techniques
Hoekstra, Rosa A.; Bartels, Meike; Boomsma, Dorret I. – Learning and Individual Differences, 2007
In a longitudinal genetic study we explored which factors underlie stability in verbal and nonverbal abilities, and the extent to which the association between these abilities becomes stronger as children grow older. Measures of verbal and nonverbal IQ were collected in Dutch twin pairs at age 5, 7, 10, 12 and 18 years. The stability of both…
Descriptors: Twins, Intervals, Structural Equation Models, Intelligence Quotient
Hughes, Claire; Jaffee, Sara R.; Happ, Francesca; Taylor, Alan; Caspi, Avshalom; Moffitt, Terrie E. – Child Development, 2005
In this study of the origins of individual differences in theory of mind (ToM), the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study sample of 1,116 sixty-month-old twin pairs completed a comprehensive battery of ToM tasks. Individual differences in ToM were striking and strongly associated with verbal ability. Behavioral genetic models of the…
Descriptors: Environmental Influences, Verbal Ability, Twins, Individual Differences
Download full textBreland, Hunter M. – 1973
An examination of mean scores for two samples of 884 and 1570 high school students who were administered the National Merit Scholarship Qualification Test (NMSQT) in 1962 and for the entire population of 794,589 students given the same test in 1965 revealed consistent effects of birth order on mean score. Earlyborn, and firstborn in particular,…
Descriptors: Birth Order, Family Influence, Individual Characteristics, Longitudinal Studies
Peer reviewedFinkel, Deborah; Pedersen, Nancy L.; Plomin, Robert; McClearn, Gerald E. – Developmental Psychology, 1998
Collected data on twins' performance on 13 cognitive variables measured three times at three-year intervals. Twins were monozygotic or dizygotic pairs reared together or apart and were in six cohorts ranging in age from 41 through 84 years. Found stable mean cognitive performance across time on eight measures for the younger cohorts, and…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Aging (Individuals), Cognitive Ability, Foreign Countries
Harlaar, Nicole; Butcher, Lee M.; Meaburn, Emma; Sham, Pak; Craig, Ian W.; Plomin, Robert – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2005
Background: Five DNA markers (single-nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs) have recently been found to be associated with general cognitive ability "g") in a sample of 7414 7-year-old twins. These children have also been studied at 2, 3, 4, and 7 years of age on measures of cognitive and language development and behaviour problems; family environment…
Descriptors: Discipline, Effect Size, Family Environment, Nonverbal Ability
