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Gerber, Marilen J.; White, Donna R. – 1980
The performance of good and poor readers was compared on a series of three visually presented paired associate tasks varying the verbal codability level of response items. Performance of the 32 poor readers was significantly lower than that of the 32 good readers across all three tasks. There were no differences between good and poor readers in…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Language Acquisition, Learning Theories, Paired Associate Learning
PDF pending restorationRyan, Michael P. – 1976
People sometimes forget a name or a word, and are plagued by the feeling that the sought-for word is somewhere in memory but not immediately available. The frequent description of this tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) phenomenon as subthreshold memory traces is challenged by data showing that TOT genesis and TOT recovery are distinct processes. In a verbal…
Descriptors: Cognitive Style, Cues, Higher Education, Learning Processes
Download full textTeager, Joyce; Stern, Carolyn – 1969
In order to investigate the effect of reinforcement on learning, 21 disadvantaged black children, 4 to 5 years of age, were divided among three treatment groups. Group I children received only feedback (information) as to the correctness or incorrectness of their responses. Group II children received a raisin for each correct response, and group…
Descriptors: Disadvantaged, Feedback, Information Utilization, Learning Motivation
Ingersoll, Gary M. – 1974
This experiment tested conjectures concerning the effects of learners' attending preferences on the establishment of auditory-visual intersensory associations in a bisensory paired associate task. Attending patterns were identified through the use of a bisensory diget-span task. On the basis of fifth and sixth grade subjects' performance during…
Descriptors: Auditory Perception, Grade 5, Grade 6, Learning Theories
Osborne, John W.; Farley, Frank H. – 1971
In two separate paired-associate learning experiments each employing 40 university students as subjects, the contribution of individual differences (IDs) in arousal to short- and long-term retention was investigated using IDs in salivary response to lemon juice stimulation as an index of arousal. Experimental subjects were pre-selected out of 184…
Descriptors: Arousal Patterns, College Students, Experimental Psychology, Individual Differences
Taylor, Arthur M. – 1970
The reports of eight studies testing the effects of elaboration on the learning of children are compiled in this document. Mental elaboration is "thinking while learning" which occurs as the learner actively adds context to the material he is asked to process. Supplied elaboration, included in these studies, occurs when the learner is provided…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, College Students, Elementary School Students, Learning Processes
GAETH, JOHN H. – 1966
THIS STUDY WAS THE SECOND PART OF AN INVESTIGATION OF VERBAL LEARNING IN CHILDREN, THE FIRST PART BEING CONCERNED WITH THE EFFECTS OF AUDITORY, VISUAL, AND COMBINED AUDIOVISUAL PRESENTATIONS UPON THE LEARNING OF VARIOUS KINDS OF MATERIALS IN A PAIRED-ASSOCIATE PARADIGM. THIS PORTION OF THE STUDY INVOLVED AN EXTENSIVE INVESTIGATION OF THE…
Descriptors: Audiovisual Instruction, Aural Learning, Hearing Impairments, Learning Processes
BOHM, AUDREY M. – 1966
AN EXPERIMENT WAS DESIGNED TO TEST THE HYPOTHESIS THAT, WITH MATERIAL OF HIGH MEANINGFULNESS, THE SEMANTIC DIMENSION OF SYNONYMITY (BATTLE-FIGHT) WILL HAVE GREATER IMPACT ON THE LEARNING PROCESS THAN THE DIMENSION OF FORMAL SIMILARITY (BATTLE-BOTTLE). THE LEARNING MATERIALS CONSISTED OF FOUR LISTS OF 12 PAIRS OF TWO-SYLLABLE WORDS. THEY WERE…
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Instructional Materials, Learning Processes, Learning Theories
Peer reviewedYen, Wendy, M. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 1978
An information processing model was fitted to individual learning of paired associates and word definitions for 378 fifth to tenth-grade students. Reliable individual differences in acquisition rate and long-term retention were found. Correlations with traditional aptitude and achievement scores were discussed; no significant sex or ethnic group…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Elementary Secondary Education, Individual Differences, Learning Processes
Cervin, V. B.; And Others – Psychol Rep, 1970
Descriptors: Analysis of Variance, College Students, Hypothesis Testing, Instructional Materials
Peer reviewedWilcox, Stephen J.; Baumeister, Alfred A. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1970
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Elementary School Students, Handicapped Children, Learning Theories
Earle, Timothy C. – 1970
The study of human learning has neglected interpersonal learning, mainly because of its complexity. However, with the recent development of a new methodology and research paradigm, empirical studies have been initiated. This is a report on one such study, involving 40 male University of Oregon students divided into two groups of 10 pairs of…
Descriptors: Decision Making, Difficulty Level, Interaction Process Analysis, Intergroup Relations
Johnson, Mitzi M. S.; Greenwald, Anthony G. – 1985
An earlier study showed that responses are remembered better when subjects produce them from cues, than when subjects read cue-response pairs. The decided memory advantage for generated targets relative to read ones is known as the generation effect. The present research is designed to study the generation effect for cues, following a…
Descriptors: Analysis of Variance, Associative Learning, Cognitive Processes, Cues
Edwards, Thomas O. – 1970
The development of learning theory and its application to computer-assisted instruction (CAI) are described. Among the early theoretical constructs thought to be important are E. L. Thorndike's concept of learning connectisms, Neal Miller's theory of motivation, and B. F. Skinner's theory of operant conditioning. Early devices incorporating those…
Descriptors: Computer Assisted Instruction, Educational Development, Educational History, Educational Research
Peer reviewedAckerman, Brian P. – Child Development, 1986
Two experiments examine use of defining, characteristic, category, and identical semantic features of word concept information in cued recall. College adults and 7- to 11-year-old children were shown word triplets in which context words were related or unrelated to final target word. Results suggest meaning features differ in providing medium for…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Children, College Students, Concept Formation
