Why the brain is the most incredible network of information processing and interpretation in the body as we learn things is the scope of the Cognitive Learning Theories. When we use the word "learning", we usually mean "to think using the brain". Therefore, the basic concept of learning is the main viewpoint in the Cognitive Learning Theories as it refers to mental processes that eventually bring about learning in an individual. The objective of this study is to analyse and present the approaches to learning in relation with the processes in brain. In this context, the difference between the behaviouristic approach and cognitive approach is mentioned and the main concepts, models and steps of brain both in terms of Latent Learning Theory, Gestalt Theory and Information Processing Theory are presented descriptively considering the similarities with and contribution to each other. Thus, the main emphasis of this study is on the Latent Learning Theory, Gestalt Theory and Information Processing Theory as the pillars of cognitive learning theories. Keywords: Learning, Cognitive learning, Latent learning, Information processing.