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Backward Associations in the Pigeon
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Hogan, David E.; Zentall, Thomas R. – American Journal of Psychology, 1977
The learning of backward associations by pigeons during training of forward associations was studied in three experiments using a symbolic matching task. The data are contrasted with the strong evidence of learning of backward associations by humans. (Editor/RK)
Descriptors: Animal Behavior, Association (Psychology), Associative Learning, Charts
The Context Effect: The Relationship Between Stimulus Preexposure and Environmental Preexposure Determines Subsequent Learning
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Lubow, R. E.; And Others – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 1976
An analysis of two paradigms suggests that predictions in regard to the effects of stimulus preexposure must take into account not only the novelty of the stimulus, but the relationship of that novelty to that of the environment at the time of testing. (Editor/RK)
Descriptors: Animal Behavior, Charts, Environmental Influences, Experimental Psychology