This article discusses principles involved in developing course materials for technology-mediated Chinese language learning, with examples from a new course designed to take into account the needs of distance and independent learners. Which learning environment is most efficient for a given learning activity needs to be carefully considered. It turns out that many of the activities involved in language learning can effectively be undertaken by learners working independently with printed materials, audio, video, computer software, and online teachers. Carefully designed audio drills can be useful as enabling devices to help learners attain the goal of communicative competence. Detailed advice should be provided on learning strategies and how to identify and work with native-speaking tutors. Though new technologies can enable learners and instructors to make more efficient use of time by moving certain language learning activities out of the classroom, it is important to design and implement a pedagogically valid curriculum.