Managerial behavior is often conceptualized as consisting of two independent dimensions, i.e., task behavior and relationship behavior, concern for production and concern for people, and initiating structure and consideration. To examine the relationship between subordinates' sex, subordinates' sex role identity, subordinates' perception of…

The purposes of the research reported in this paper are, first, to study the actions taken by school principals to facilitate a curriculum change in their schools and, second, to determine the relationship between those actions, the leadership style of the principal, and the extant situational variables. Data were collected by means of bimonthly…

Because leadership theories and recent research into principals' roles have only limited validity, practical utility, and comprehensiveness, this study undertakes a description of effective principals' behaviors and a coherent explanation of them. Long-term goals, factors affecting student learning, strategies for goal achievement, and structures…

This report describes efforts to test a model of leadership effectiveness that centers on "macro variables" and "discretionary leadership." Macro variables were represented by the complexity of the environment, context, and structure of a unit. Discretionary leadership was defined as influence over and above that typically…

In order to evaluate time management practices among managers of large academic libraries, questionnaires were mailed to 189 library directors. A total of 158 surveys were returned for a response rate of 82%. Items used to collect data in the questionnaire were based on time management literature and were grouped into five categories: (1) a…

This study assesses factors that affect principals' roles in curricular innovation. A random sample of 69 Israeli principals participated in the study, which sought to estimate the predictive ability of policy, strategy, organizational, and background factors in explaining the variance of leadership styles. (TE)

A study found that conceptual functioning level emerged as an important variable in distinguishing between effective and less effective supervisory intervention. Four supervisors, with their respective supervisees, participated in the study. Participants were videotaped and observed, and transcripts of conference dialogues and participant thought…

This paper reports on a research study designed, in part, to explore the expression of bureaucracy (or structural management) and culture (or symbolic management) in the work of eighteen elementary school principals in Louisiana. In addition, the study compares principals in nine of the schools categorized as "more effective" and nine…

To test a situational leadership model, this study sought to determine (1) whether, among a population of educational administrators in East Tennessee, individuals possessing high flexibility/high effectiveness leadership characteristics can be identified and (2) whether those leaders consciously apply Hersey and Blanchard's concept of maturity…