Based on a secondary analysis of studies on Flemish primary schools, the article argues that the metaphor of the gatekeeper, on the threshold between the outside-school and the inside-school world, is a powerful frame to capture some of the particular complexities of principals' emotional experience of themselves and their working conditions. More…

A common theme of both internal and environmental school leadership is the expectation that principals justify permanently the specific decisions they make. This justification is a main requirement for creative leadership. Data from four Belgian primary school studies illustrate that teachers are confronted with different justification styles and…

The effects of large-scale improvement projects and the trend toward decentralization on the principal's role in primary and secondary schools in Belgium are explored in this paper. Particular focuses are on the ways in which sociopolitical change influences the nature of school-level leadership and on strategies that principals use in response to…