The Roman Empire covered a large area, including parts of present-day Hungary. There are many still visible remains in the landscape or in museums. In addition to written sources, there are monuments ranging from objects to architecture, pictures and sculptures. This makes it possible to question and compare the significance of the individual…

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the happiness and education principles of St. Augustine and Mozi through the primary and the secondary language resources. To review the paper logically, three research questions are addressed. First, what are the happiness principles of Augustine and Mozi? Second, what are the educational principles of…

One of the most far-reaching reforms undertaken by the Catholic Church as part of the Second Vatican Council was the adoption of vernacular languages in the liturgy. The transition from Latin to vernaculars was not unproblematic, however, as it raised several practical and theoretical questions regarding the relationship between local churches and…

In the multilingual history of England, the period following the Norman Conquest in 1066 is a particularly intriguing phase, but its code-switching patterns have so far received little attention. The present article describes and analyses the multilingual practices evinced in London, British Library, MS Stowe 34, containing one instructional prose…

Informally recognized by the tribal council in 1821, the 86-character Cherokee writing system invented by Sequoyah was learned in manuscript form and became widely used by the Cherokee within the span of a few years. In 1827, Samuel Worcester standardized the arrangement of characters and print designs in ways that differed from Sequoyah's…

In this paper, we focus on comments on language issues from a historical perspective. The concept of the layperson (non-linguist) is discussed to identify laypeople and lay comments in history when the modern concept of a linguist did not yet exist. Two studies show how the historical perspective complements modern research on folk linguistics.…

The culminating remarks in this paper call for the building of a new Atlantis, a"...home where the unquiet heart of modern man can find peace." The author reviews the historical importance of Latin as a "connecting tissue" among European languages and its significance in the development of a common linguistic heritage. From this frame of…

The core of this course is study of the background of the Catilinarian Conspiracy and the "First Oration against Catiline." A review of grammar and syntax is included. Performance objectives focus on a century of chaos which produced the revolutionary Catiline and the conservative Cicero, the Roman Republic, Ciceronian oration, Cicero's…

This course for use in secondary schools is a continuation of the Catilanarian Conspiracy and Cicero's "Third Oration Against Catiline," including a review of grammar and syntax. Performance objectives concern the history of Rome prior to Catiline and Cicero, Roman government, Ciceronian oration, Cicero's literary style, vocabulary and…

Recent developments and the present state of scholarship in Ciceroniana are surveyed in this booklet. Roman history and literature are reflected in discussion of the speeches, letters, philosophical and rhetorical writings, and political involvement of Cicero. Nineteenth-century literary criticism of Cicero is largely rejected in this survey in…

This report presents a rationale for the study of ancient history emphasizing the interrelationship of all periods of history and the arbitrary nature of the subject's division into temporal or geographical segments. Pointing out that significant discoveries are constantly being made, the author stresses the importance of the classics teacher's…

A rebuttal by a classicist to a sociologist's view of the classics. (MB)

The evolving field of Book History has had difficulty in integrating the experiences of immigrant culture. In explaining the origins of print culture in North America, Book History has a tendency to associate lowbrow with immigrants and their struggles to establish a foothold in a new land. Book History therefore symbolically defines immigrant…