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A Note on Fluctuating Variants and the Status of Vernacular Black English.
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Wolfram, Walt – 1973
One of the most significant problems that linguists face in their attempts to describe Vernacular Black English (VBE) is the matter of fluctuating forms. It is consistently observed that speakers appear to fluctuate between a socially stigmatized variant and its presumed nonstigmatized counterpart. Fluctuations in VBE have often been viewed as a…
Descriptors: Black Dialects, Descriptive Linguistics, Dialect Studies, English
Sociolinguistic Premises and the Nature of Nonstandard Dialects
Wolfram, Walt – Speech Teacher, 1970
Descriptors: Black Dialects, Dialect Studies, Language Research, Language Skills