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Mario Figueroa; Sònia Darbra – Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 2025
Background: The evidence on the effect of age on the receptive and expressive language skills of individuals with Down syndrome is inconclusive. Recent research highlights the relevance of having tools to detect age-related changes in language skills. Method: Data were collected on 45 adults with Down syndrome. All were assessed with the Peabody…
Descriptors: Language Usage, Aging (Individuals), Adults, Down Syndrome
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David O'Reilly; Luling Yan – Applied Linguistics, 2025
The present study continues research that takes non-serious language more seriously (Cekaite and Aronsson 2005) by focusing on a central second language (L2) Metaphoric Competence factor, Metaphor Language Play (MLP). For willing learners, MLP offers a diversity of benefits (Bushnell 2009; Bell 2012a) despite being one of the most challenging…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Figurative Language, Mandarin Chinese
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Adriana Soto-Corominas; Marta Segura; Helena Roquet; Noelia Navarro; Yagmur Elif Met – International Journal of Multilingualism, 2025
Research on the effects of bilingualism on third language (L3) development set in bilingual communities is scarce, outdated, and has provided mixed results. This study investigated the effects of exposure and age of onset of acquisition (AOA) of L3-English, as well as first and second language (L1/L2) skills and use, in the development of…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Spanish, Romance Languages, Bilingualism