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Code-Mixing and Language Dominance: Bilingual, Trilingual and Multilingual Children Compared
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Poeste, Meike; Müller, Natascha; Arnaus Gil, Laia – International Journal of Multilingualism, 2019
Acquisitionists generally assume a relation between code-mixing in young bilingual and trilingual children and language dominance. In our cross-sectional study we investigated the possible relation between code-mixing and language dominance in 122 children raised in Spain or Germany. They were bilingual, trilingual or multilingual, the latter…
Descriptors: Code Switching (Language), Bilingualism, Multilingualism, Second Language Learning
Uncovering the "Hidden" Multilingualism of Europe: An Italian Case Study
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Tamburelli, Marco – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2014
Dominant notions of what constitutes a "language" and what a "dialect" within a continuum are entirely based on sociopolitical factors (i.e. the "languages by 'Ausbau'" of Kloss), totally disregarding structural and communicative aspects. This paper argues that such stance is no longer tenable in view of the modern…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Multilingualism, Dialects, Language Attitudes
A Cross-Linguistic Study of the Acquisition of Clitic and Pronoun Production
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Varlokosta, Spyridoula; Belletti, Adriana; Costa, João; Friedmann, Naama; Gavarró, Anna; Grohmann, Kleanthes K.; Guasti, Maria Teresa; Tuller, Laurice; Lobo, Maria; Andelkovic, Darinka; Argemí, Núria; Avram, Larisa; Berends, Sanne; Brunetto, Valentina; Delage, Hélène; Ezeizabarrena, María-José; Fattal, Iris; Haman, Ewa; van Hout, Angeliek; de López, Kristine Jensen; Katsos, Napoleon; Kologranic, Lana; Krstic, Nadezda; Kraljevic, Jelena Kuvac; Miekisz, Aneta; Nerantzini, Michaela; Queraltó, Clara; Radic, Zeljana; Ruiz, Sílvia; Sauerland, Uli; Sevcenco, Anca; Smoczynska, Magdalena; Theodorou, Eleni; van der Lely, Heather; Veenstra, Alma; Weston, John; Yachini, Maya; Yatsushiro, Kazuko – Language Acquisition: A Journal of Developmental Linguistics, 2016
This study develops a single elicitation method to test the acquisition of third-person pronominal objects in 5-year-olds for 16 languages. This methodology allows us to compare the acquisition of pronominals in languages that lack object clitics ("pronoun languages") with languages that employ clitics in the relevant context…
Descriptors: Language Research, Contrastive Linguistics, Form Classes (Languages), Morphology (Languages)
Riassunto e "contraction de texte" nell'apprendimento delle lingue (The Summary and "Contraction de Texte" in Language Learning).
Ferrario, Elena – Rassegna Italiana di Linguistica Applicata, 1979
Discusses a study designed to verify the validity and effectiveness of the summary as a teaching and testing tool. The subjects were Italian students enrolled in second year French at the university level. (CFM)
Descriptors: Communicative Competence (Languages), French, Higher Education, Italian
The MLA Foreign Language Proficiency Tests for Teachers and Advanced Students: Analysis of the Performance of Native Speakers and Comparison with That of NDEA Summer Institute Participants.
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Paquette, Andre F.; Tollinger, Suzanne – 1968
This report is a summary of the results of the administration of the Modern Language Association of America (MLA) Proficiency Tests to native speakers in Chile, Columbia, France, German, Italy, and Spain. The notion of a "superior" level of competence in reading, writing, aural comprehension, and speaking a second language is specified…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Educational Testing, French, German