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Download full textCrawford, Michael; Marin, Sergio Venegas – World Bank, 2021
The World Bank's focus on foundational skills requires that issues of language and Language of Instruction be brought to the forefront of education policy discussions. Poor Language of Instruction policies harm learning, access, equity, cost-effectiveness, and inclusion. Yet nearly 37% of students in low- and middle-income countries are taught in…
Descriptors: International Organizations, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Educational Policy
Peer reviewed
Direct linkNikiema, Norbert – International Review of Education, 2011
This paper documents the new trend towards a first-language-first multilingual model in formal education in three former French colonies of West Africa, namely Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger. It compares the sociolinguistic situations, the conditions of the development of multilingual education and the achievements of mother-tongue-medium education…
Descriptors: Multilingualism, Educational Quality, Foreign Countries, French
