Discusses rules governing the use in Spanish of demonstrative adjectives in regard to the physical location of speaker and listener. (DS)

Number 13 in a series on problems of French grammar and usage. (DS)

Reports on an experiment in native speaker judgement of acceptability, designed to test the acceptability of variations on the time-manner-place order in German adverbs. Implications for teaching German are drawn. (AM)

Describes, adducting many examples, the external relative clause, discussing it from the pedagogical standpoint. This type of clause, belonging to normal speech, and not being merely a stylistic matter, belongs in the basic course. (Text is in German.) (IFS/WGA)

A comparison is made of two different approaches to the treatment of modals in the framework of a transformational grammar--that of Seuren, who analyzes modals as "operators," and that of the generative semanticists who take them to be "higher verbs." Implications for language teaching are discussed. (Author/RM)

English modal verbs constitute a problem for the student of English as a foreign language. This study presents a methodology for a systematic presentation of the meaning of modal verbs. The modals "can,""may,""must," and "have to" are studied. (SW)

Conclusion of a two-part series; part I appeared in n3 1972. Sample phrases in Polish, Czech, Russian, and German are used to demonstrate declination of cases and similarity of pronouns. (DS)