This document collects and reports wages paid to workers in occupations of private establishments with 99 or fewer workers in August 1988 in Maricopa County, Arizona. The first section describes the survey format and sample. Narrative material and data tables provide information on the response rate, employment and wage movements in Maricopa…

The objective of this study was to determine why the United States has experienced a higher rate of unemployment in the post-war period than other countries at similar stages of development. The study reviewed the Phillips Curve Theory--the theory underlying wage and price changes--and the development and post-war characteristics of labor market…

Immigrants have lower earnings than native born on their entry into the Canadian labor market. However, the younger the age at immigration, the greater the gain from immigration. (Author/AM)

This article presents an empirical analysis of self-reported reservation wages for unemployed young Black and White males. Results show that young Blacks seek wages that are comparable to those of young Whites in absolute terms but that are higher relative to what is available on the demand side of the market. (Author/CT)

This study tested the effects of market forces and unionism on the wages of all municipal employees in a large number of cities. Increases in the average weekly earnings from 1965-1971 were significantly related to intercity differences in market factors. Unionism exerted only a weak influence on city pay scales. (Author/DS)

Concludes that about half of racial differentials in earnings are due to current labor market discrimination, with the remainder due to past discrimination. (BH)

Analysis of data from the Current Population Survey identified primary and secondary labor market sectors, based on whether specific skills or prior training were conditions of employment. Results showed significant unexplained earnings differentials across sectors for four groups: Black men, White men, Black women, and White women. (Author/SK)

Combining distinct ethnic groups under one Hispanic rubric blurs important differences. The disparities in migration and demographic histories, in level of investment in human capital, and in labor market experiences among men of Mexican, Cuban, Puerto Rican, and other Spanish-speaking origins are enormous. (JOW)

Due to lower rates of employment and other labor market difficulties, working-age persons with disabilities tend to have lower incomes and are more likely to live in poverty than persons without disabilities. Those with severe disabilities are more likely to be female, African American, older, and less educated than those without disabilities.…

Data from the 1989 Canadian Labour Market Activity Survey and 1989-90 Australian Income Distribution Survey suggest that a lower rate of return to education and labor market experience and a lower level of wage inequality in Australia are responsible for the smaller gender wage gap in Australia than in Canada. (SK)

For high school dropouts who last attempted the General Educational Development (GED) test in Florida and New York in 1989-1990, earnings of those without GEDs, least-skilled GED holders, and highest-skilled GED holders were compared. Higher GED scores were associated with higher earnings, except for white males. These earnings differences were as…

This study provides estimates of the private Internal Rates of Return (IRR) to tertiary education for women and men in 21 OECD countries, for the years between 1991 and 2005. IRR are computed by estimating labour market premia on cross-country comparable individual-level data. Labour market premia are then adjusted for fiscal factors and education…

Using data from the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988, this article investigates whether students who made relatively large test score gains during high school had larger earnings 7 years after high school compared to students whose scores improved little. In models that control for pre-high school test scores, family background, and…

While employment growth has accelerated, allowing unemployment to fall significantly since 2005, many low-skilled workers are still unemployed and the duration of unemployment spells is still long. The introduction of an in-work benefit for workers in low-income households, subject to a minimum of hours worked, could lower barriers to higher…

For more than a decade, the United States has produced more new jobs than most other industrialized nations--nearly 20 million new jobs during 1973-1984. However, none of the aggregate numbers reveals anything about the types of jobs created or how much they pay. The following facts are pertinent: (1) compared to the period 1973-1979, the net new…