The report describes the construction, application, and theoretical implications of an econometric model depicting the effects of labor subsidies on the supply of workers in the U.S. Three papers deal with the following aspects of constructing the econometric model: (1) examination of equilibrium wages, employment, and earnings of primary and…

In an examination of the role of the Work Incentive (WIN) Program, particularly its training activities, in adult resocialization, data were gathered by questionnaires administered, one year apart, to a panel of husbandless mothers receiving Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) and a panel of husbandless mothers who had participated in a…

The purpose of this hearing was to look for answers to the following questions about the workforce of tomorrow: How will tomorrow's workforce differ from today's? What kind of jobs will tomorrow's employers be looking to fill? What skills will tomorrow's workers need to fill those jobs? And, most importantly, what can be done now to be sure that…

In October 1999, the British government enacted the Working Families' Tax Credit, which aimed at encouraging work among low-income families with children. This paper uses panel data collected between 1991 and 2001 to evaluate the effect of this reform on single mothers. We find that the reform led to a substantial increase in their employment rate…

The United States is a labor surplus society, one with a persistent shortage of jobs. This labor surplus--manifested in excessively and persistently high unemployment--will continue through the 1980s. The existence of a persistent job shortage, resulting in a labor surplus of four to six million unemployed workers without a constructive economic…

IN RECENT YEARS YOUTH EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMS HAVE PROLIFERATED, MAINLY AS A RESULT OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT'S EXPANDED ROLE IN THIS AREA. THE PROGRAMS ARE OF TWO BASIC TYPES--(1) VOCATIONAL AND EDUCATIONAL ADJUSTMENT PROGRAMS WHICH PREPARE THE YOUTH FOR EMPLOYMENT BY EQUIPPING HIM WITH A PARTICULAR SKILL AND PROPER WORK HABITS AND (2) UPWARD…

The challenges facing youth who are disconnected from the nation's employment and education systems are expansive. In today's labor market, opportunities for employment at a living wage, and ultimately self-sufficiency, are dismal for those who lack the higher level of skills demanded by employers. The twenty-first century labor market is…

The inverse relationship between educational attainment and unemployment is indicated in data concerning three major age groups during 1974-1975. The long-term uptrend in the educational level of the labor force continues, with college graduates experiencing changes in occupational distribution. (LH)

The author discusses the significance of immigrant Mexican labor on the United States labor market. (Adapted from a 1974 Industrial Relations Research Association conference paper.) (EA)

This report describes the changing nature of labor demand in the petroleum industry. Jobs have become more specialized as the value of petroleum has increased and the technology of its extraction has advanced. Numerous categories of technical jobs are available in this industry and this affects the training needs of those seeking careers in this…

This study analyzed the potential impact of an extension of minimum wage legislation to cover household maids and servants. Through empirical analysis of Longitudinal Labor Market Survey data on women aged 14-24 and 30-44, and consumer price survey data, the study concluded that the 1971 hourly earnings of approximately one-half of all maids…

The study attempted to determine which groups of discouraged workers exhibited a long-run sensitivity to economic fluctuations and thus, should be counted as unemployed. Minority females and nonminority males met these criteria. (Author/CH)

Organizational attitudes and effective development are key factors in acceptance of women managers. Article examines the development of sex role stereotypes and how they effect the placement of women in management positions. (RB)

Summarizes the findings and methodology of some of the recent innovative labor market studies in the private sector. Emphasis is placed on the micro-data study of the job creation process at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Similar studies at the University of California at Berkeley and at the Brookings Institution are also summarized. (CT)

This report attempts to clarify several retirement issues, focusing on (1) the extent to which labor force participation rates can be used to assess retirement decisions; (2) the impact on the elderly of the 1978 Amendments to the Age Discrimination in Employment Act; and (3) the true causes of nonparticipation among current retirees. (SK)