The labour markets in Mexico are characterised by uncertainty in terms of the lack of work contracts social protection, unemployment, high level of self-employed workers independently and micro-businesses, low income levels, the involuntary part-time working and low levels of unionisation. They all indicate that the labour situation currently…

The January employment numbers, released today by the U.S. Department of Labor, present mixed evidence about the state of the labor market. While the unemployment rate dropped to 9 percent, payrolls were just better than flat, increasing by only 36,000 jobs last month. Much attention is given to the official unemployment rate, which is certainly…

In this paper we will briefly review recent trends in employment outcomes for disadvantaged youth, focusing specifically on those who have become "disconnected" from school and the labor market, and why these trends have occurred. We then review a range of policy prescriptions that might improve those outcomes. These policies include: 1)…

The authors examine how the American economy has experienced sharp contractions in overall levels of output, income, and wealth resulting from the recent financial crisis, and how these losses have had an impact on the nation's labor market. The significance of these trends to American higher education is summarized in these terms: "Large labor…

One of the challenges facing Australia is the ageing of the population. Of major concern, especially to government, is that the dependency ratio--a measure of the burden that economically active persons carry by supporting dependent persons--will increase significantly unless older people keep working or immigration is used to change the…

Presents an overview of historical trends for selected labor market indicators (unemployment rates, labor force participation rates, and employment-population ratios) for teenagers and young adults, with an analysis of these trends by race and sex. Reviews current explanations for the labor market problems confronting young people. (LRA)

This paper addresses conflicting views on whether there is now or will soon be a surplus of college graduates and other skilled workers by analyzing data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Ten questions (and the answers reached) are addressed: (1) "Do the latest BLS projections of college graduate supply actually predict a bust--a…

Four major factors responsible for trends in applicants to dental school are identified: cost, competition, demographics, and the practicing dentist. The initiation of the Pew National Dental Education Program at the University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine is described. (MLW)

To provide a general picture of how the private dental office personnel picture is expected to evolve under particular assumptions, this report presents the projections of the national supply and requirements for dentists for 1980, 1985, and 1990. General implications for dental auxiliary personnel are also discussed. Factors determining the…

The paper discusses various models and theories of personal income distribution inequality. The first section presents the logic for adopting one conceptual and statistical approach in measuring and analyzing income inequality and the second presents empirical evidence on income inequality from 1939 to 1970. A brief survey of the human capital…

A serious decline in the optometry schools' applicant pool argues forcefully for increased and aggressive student recruitment, particularly of black, Hispanic, and native Americans, who are underrepresented in the profession. Financial aid and financial management assistance for these groups are also needed. (MSE)

Econometric, supply, and manpower models adopted to forecast need and demand for dental services personnel are examined critically, based in part on the models' past success in prediction. Areas of concern and conditions not reflected in the models are noted. All the models are seen to be limited. (MSE)

Results of the 1982-1983 Recruiting Trends Survey of Michigan State University are presented, based on a cross-section of 637 responding employers in business, industry, government, and education. After an overview of the findings, statistical tables and observations for each table are presented. Results indicate that the class of 1982-1983 will…

Work years are being compressed into a smaller portion of midlife while non-work time (schooling and retirement) is growing rapidly. Analysis of these trends suggests greater future interest in flexible retirement ages, reduction of work time (work sharing) to attenuate unemployment, and part-time jobs among older workers. (MF)

This report examines the potential pool of workers in nine rural New York and Pennsylvania counties, the characteristics of this labor pool, and barriers that make it difficult for these individuals to enter the workplace. The counties studied make up the southern tier of New York State (Broome, Chemung, Schuyler, Steuben, Tioga, and Tompkins…