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Hnatkova, Eva; Degtyarova, Iryna; Kersschot, Margaux; Boman, Julia – European Journal of Education, 2022
An increase in the number of PhD candidates in the last decades has changed the landscape of employment and the nature of what it means to be a PhD holder. Embarking on a career in academia is a challenging endeavour for early-career researchers while they are confronted with a limited number of job opportunities in academia. Taking into account…
Descriptors: Doctoral Degrees, Foreign Countries, Labor Market, Employment Level
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Standing, Guy; Sziraczki, Gyorgy, Eds. – International Labour Review, 1991
Nine articles discuss the effect of economic and social upheaval on employment and wages in Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, the USSR, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. (SK)
Descriptors: Economic Change, Employment Patterns, Employment Statistics, Foreign Countries
Emmerij, Louis – 1981
This paper considers the economics of employment and education in industralized countries, particularly European countries. The paper covers six main topics. The first part deals with the present European employment situation, using figures mainly from Holland; the second part is an economic outlook for the 1980s; in the third, the employment and…
Descriptors: Adults, Economic Change, Economic Climate, Economic Development