Over the course of the 1980s and 1990s, the contours of neoliberalism took shape, as individual corporations implemented new strategies seeking to shift the frontier of control in their favor and increase their profits. Their actions began to shape the political and economic practices of both major political parties, and the orientation of capitalists as a class towards their workers and their workers' unions. This included free trade; deregulation; privatization; a new centrality of financial instruments and transactions; the commodification of services and goods which had formerly been available on the basis of citizenship or community membership; the combination of privatization and commodification to facilitate a new round of capital accumulation; the reduction of labor costs, including benefits; the reduction of the social wage and the provision of services. This article describes how, according to Rachleff, the pursuit of these practices challenged unions, undercut workers' economic status and security, and fueled inequality. [This article is an excerpt of "From Against Labor: How U.S. Employers Organized to Defeat Union Activism," edited by Rosemary Feurer and Chad Pearson. Copyright 2017 by the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois. Used with permission of the University of Illinois Press.