This article addresses the nursing shortage from an economic standpoint by exploring supply and demand factors that influence the availability of nurses. Demand factors include payment mechanisms, cost containment, and availability of substitutes. Supply factors include the women's movement, labor force participation, and entry-level preparation.…

With data from the Survey of Income Program Participation, a three-equation, reduced-form econometric model is used to generate estimates revealing that the cost of market child care decreases the labor force participation of married women. High wages increase likelihood of working and use of paid child care. (SK)

Analyzes the consolidation of the world economic system as a condition for the emergence of migration as a labor system. Discusses effects of the growing presence of immigrant labor in the tertiary sector of all core countries. (Author/GC)

The authors, realizing the importance of continuous organizational reappraisal of manpower needs and strengths, have developed a model based on supply of management manpower and demand for management manpower. Without a manpower forecasting/planning program, the future needs of the organization are reduced to guesswork. (EA)

Assessments of the 1972-85 occupational outlook reveal a rather sharp slowdown in employment growth during the latter half of the period. Jobs for salesworkers, managers and administrators, and operatives will be affected most. (Author)

TO MEASURE THE IMPACT OF THE DECLINE OF FOREIGN AGRICULTURAL WORKER EMPLOYMENT ON FARM-LABOR COSTS, FOOD PRICES, AND RETURN TO THE FARMER, AN ANALYSIS WAS MADE OF THE 1964-65 CHANGES IN THESE FACTORS FOR SELECTED CALIFORNIA CROPS. TOMATOES, LETTUCE, STRAWBERRIES, CANTALOUPES, CELERY, LEMONS, AND ASPARAGUS, WHICH ACCOUNTED FOR 71 PERCENT OF THE…

With data from the Survey of Income Program Participation, a structural model analyzed decision to use child care of married and single mothers. Simulations indicated that a refundable child care tax credit would distribute child care benefits more equally and would also increase labor force participation of mothers. (SK)

The purpose of the study was to bring together available materials on the location, activity, and function of more than 63,000 foreign trained physicians in the United States; to review the political, economic, and organizational factors which have led to the current manpower situation; and to analyze these data in terms of physician manpower,…

The authors believe that one should beware of adopting too general an approach to Third World training which fails to take account of different types of education and training. At the same time, they view the economy as a whole, including the rural sector and informal activities. (Author/CT)

Develops a theory to integrate the effects of three factors--the relative supply elasticities of skilled and unskilled labor, adjustments in skilled labor hiring standards, and the presence of fixed employment costs for skilled labor--on the response of skill differentials to demand variation. (Editor/LAS)

Shows that skill differential in manufacturing, when measured on a national level, has remained surprisingly stable over the 1952-73 period, in spite of its history of narrowing throughout the first half of the century and severe pressures of inflation since 1965. (Editor/LAS)

Demonstrates the dramatic difference in labor force descriptions resulting from use of the Bureau of Labor Statistics' measure labelled U-7 rather than U-5, the official measure. U-7 includes both discouraged workers and involuntary part-time workers. U-7 is the more appropriate index for accurately picturing many parts of rural America. (DHP)

The paper describes the labor supply effects of changes in the rate of interest on wage rates paid in generalized training occupations. The evidence appears to be consistent with the hypothesis that the rate of interest is a determinant of labor supply and is positively related to occupational wage rates. (Author)