Individual variation in labor supply can arise from more than just a choice among discrete occupation groups, especially given the joint process of wage determination and time allocation. Other factors can include differential preferences for earnings, the time length of work and other related occupational attributes. Using data from the Wisconsin…

The Great Recession left a crater in the labor market that has been devastating for unemployed Americans of all ages. After more than two years of unemployment at well over 8%, there is a hole of more than 11 million jobs, with average spells of unemployment lasting nearly nine months. The weak labor market has been particularly tough on young…

In 2004 NCVER invited proposals from a consortia of researchers to address questions relating to changing work skill needs and work organisation arrangements and their implications for the vocational education and training sector. The National Institute of Labour Studies, Flinders University, and the Centre for Post-compulsory Education and…

Analyzes the consolidation of the world economic system as a condition for the emergence of migration as a labor system. Discusses effects of the growing presence of immigrant labor in the tertiary sector of all core countries. (Author/GC)

It is argued that policies tolerating higher levels of joblessness for workers generally, and for disadvantaged workers in particular, are based on tenuous job search rationales and inflation expectationist fears. The old weapons of fiscal and monetary stimulation to stabilize income and unemployment are required, together with new strategies to…

About three-quarters of current unemployment in these countries is due to deficient labor force demand. Changes in economic policy and improvement in labor mobility are necessary elements in solving the problem. (Author/SK)

As a result of strong economic growth, limited growth of the working population, and a number of other socioeconomic factors, the United States presently has labor shortages in some locations for a variety of jobs. This booklet outlines various aspects of labor shortages and suggests ways that Department of Labor (DOL) activities might be used to…

This paper contains an overview of labor market policy in Sweden. It refers to job placement services and other more or less selective measures to improve opportunities for people to obtain and retain a job. The paper first examines the objectives of labor market policies since the 1950s, then it highlights such labor market trends as the increase…

The paper specifies mathematically the demand and supply functions for interacting factor markets to characterize the impact of alternative antipoverty programs. Wage subsidies were found to be the most transfer-efficient, implying that education and training is the most cost-effective means of aiding the low-skilled. (MF)

This paper presents a model of how the supply of applicants for public employment programs may be determined, with the information necessary to incorporate the model factors into simulation of such programs. The methodology used to estimate the size and composition of the supply population for public employment programs--how many persons would…

The standard one-period labor supply model that economists have used is in some ways an inadequate tool to evaluate a Family Assistance Plan (FAP). The principal difficulty is that an FAP will have important interperiod or life cycle effects. The pure life cycle model, an extension of the work of Becker and Ghez, is derived here without reference…

The central issue of this report is the wide range of parameter estimates of labor supply responses produced by previous econometric studies based on cross sectional data. Considerable public and private debate as to how the existing welfare system should be reformed has fostered renewed study of how welfare related government policies affect…

Presents a model using 1973 North Carolina data which shows that government, private nonprofit, and for-profit producers of child day-care services serve different markets. Estimates market demand for each center type, with different responses to demand elements such as income and labor force opportunities, and discusses implications for public…

This monograph studies unemployment in relation to labor market vacancies throughout the United States, using a new set of data: the Survey of Firms from the Employment Opportunity Pilot Project, a labor market experiment conducted by the Department of Labor at 28 sites in 1979 and 1980. The monograph is organized in five chapters. The first…

An examination of the conventional wisdom that the economy will face a labor shortage was done in three stages. First, the demand side of the labor market was analyzed. Changes in the skill requirements of jobs from 1973-86 were examined as were those changes anticipated by projections of the Bureau of Labor Statistics for 2000. The conclusion was…