About 75% of U.S.-trained, non-citizen PhDs in science and engineering work in the U.S. after graduation, and 54% of those who stay take postdoctoral positions. The probability of postdoctoral participation is substantially higher for temporary visa holders than for permanent visa holders because of visa-related restrictions in the U.S. labor…

An analysis of 1980 census data reveals that immigrants tend to substitute for some labor market groups and complement others. The effects of immigrant supply on the earnings of native-born men is small. However, increases in the immigrant supply have a sizeable impact on the earnings of immigrants themselves. (Author/CH)

Analyzes the consolidation of the world economic system as a condition for the emergence of migration as a labor system. Discusses effects of the growing presence of immigrant labor in the tertiary sector of all core countries. (Author/GC)

Most early research on the impact of undocumented workers on the labor market held that it results in the widespread displacement of native workers. More recent and more sophisticated theory argues that immigrants, both legal and illegal, create jobs by consuming goods and services, and by starting new businesses. This latter idea may not be as…

This article discusses international migration as an economic and political concern, comments on recent literature dealing with social aspects of migration, and introduces the articles which follow in this special journal issue dedicated to Caribbean migration to New York. (MC)

The study is concerned with the causes and economic consequences of the employment of foreign manpower in the more industrialized countries of Europe. The focus of the study was an analysis of the relationship between the forms in which the foreign work force is utilized and the functioning of the labor market, and an assessment of certain…

A comprehensive life-cycle framework is offered for examining demographic changes and the world of work. This document establishes connections among the social and economic issues that relate to demographic change and priorities. The document also identifies the changes taking place in the work force, the problems of poor basic education and work…

This paper presents an overview of labor relations in Sweden from the mid-19th century until the present. It begins with some basic facts about Swedish history, population, economy, and geography, then describes the historical background of labor union organization in the country. The paper then outlines the various types of trade unions in…

Twelve papers presented during the Fourth Annual Earl Warren Memorial Symposium, which focused on the forces that shaped the pending Immigration Control and Reform Act of 1982 (known as the Simpson-Mazzoli Bill) are given. Included are "The Political Economy of Immigration" (Zolberg), "Of Borders and States: A Skeptical Note on the…

This paper examines the economic push factors encouraging migration from the Caribbean Basin to the United States, as part of an assessment of the effectiveness of the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986. The basic assumption is that much of the migration is motivated by a desire to improve economic circumstances, and that the…