In this paper, we have reviewed and analyzed literature textbooks at the pre-university level, respectively in the high school. In this research, we have examined the way these texts are analyzed (the pedagogical apparatus as it is otherwise called). Such work is done considering the requirements of the latter to fulfill certain competencies…

In this paper, I argue for increased intellectual security in higher education. For this, I recommend greater attention to foundational studies and, specifically in leadership programs, to Machiavelli's depiction of the world as it is, rather than as we would like it to be. My perspective joins a growing body of administrative theory which…

Reading literature in a foreign language (FL) requires a learner to move beyond decoding simple meanings and phrases to analysis and interpretation of multiple meanings. It also involves the development of a global understanding of a text's significance, which entails participation in a complex social practice, situated in cultural, linguistic,…

This essay explores the theme of the double in Umberto Eco's "The Island of the Day Before," Joseph Conrad's "The Secret Sharer" and Zivko Chingo's "The Big Water." While traditionally the double is connected with the evil alter-ego of the protagonist, what brings these three works together (by an Italian, English and…

Western Europe has been constructed in the field of education abroad as a "traditional" location: in some sense or another that label is used to suggest that it has a kind of static or dormant significance. In reality, Western Europe is an enormously rich location for study abroad precisely because it is a fluid learning environment that…

Studies on second language acquisition show that the earlier a child is exposed to instruction the more likely he or she will be successful in attaining high levels of proficiency. The author knew that if real change were going to take place in Linden, New Jersey, the ideas and beliefs that embody multiculturalism and multilingualism would have to…