Helper-judged frequency and discomfort values were established for potentially challenging interaction situations between nonprofessional child aides and young maladapting school children. Child aggression, family problems, limit-testing behavior, and rarely experienced situations produced greater helper discomfort than did the child's need to…

The primary purpose of this study was to determine whether perceptions of role involvement by police patrolmen were significantly related to either future or concurrent job performance. A secondary objective was to analyze changes in the perceived role involvement of new patrolmen during their assimilation into a police organization. The perceived…

This paper reports the results of a study on the role of the caseworker in the use of foster care for elderly clients. Data is drawn from 100 interviews with foster home caretakers in two major state-sponsored adult foster care programs. Findings indicate that caseworkers had not been active in the recruitment of foster home caretakers. Caretakers…

The nature and development of interpersonal perceptions in a T group were studied. Results indicate that group members' perceptions are relatively complex and change markedly over sessions in ways consistent with current theories of group development. The analysis permits a first look at a T group free from biases. (Author)

Studied the efficacy of induced affect as a pregroup training experience for coping with stress related to participation in an encounter group. Results indicated that group participants who did not receive the induced-affect pregroup training demonstrated significant increases on the Neuroticism scale of the Eysenck Personality Inventory. (Author)

Two communication training programs--the Communication Skills Workshop (CSW) and the Couples Communication Program (CCP)--and a wait-list control group were compared on measures of communication effectiveness, problem solving and relationship satisfaction. Subjects were 54 volunteer couples randomly assigned to conditions. Highly distressed…

The National Crime Survey measured the occurrence of an estimated 3.8 million violent crimes among intimates, i.e., acquaintances or relatives, during 1973 to 1976, in which three-tenths of the crimes involved persons married or otherwise related to each other. The data collection focused on identification of crime location, time of day or night,…

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ASSOCIATIONAL PATTERNS AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE ARE STUDIED. THE HYPOTHESES ARE--THE PATTERN OF ASSOCIATIONS IS RELATED TO ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE, AND CHANGE IN ASSOCIATION PATTERNS OVER TIME IS RELATED TO ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE. HIGH ACHIEVING ENTERING FRESHMEN ATTENDING A FRESHMEN ORIENTATION CAMP IN…

The "psychological isotope" technique was used to study the effect of leadership style on group process and productivity, by planting identifiable units of information with specific group members. Data indicated that the movement of these traceable bits provides data on the flow of information in the group, the relative influence and…

Recent concern with the ecological context of childrearing has sparked research interest in the effects of children's environment on their behavior. This study describes toy availability and use in naturally occurring childrearing environments, and then examines relationships between these aspects of the environment and peer interaction. It was…

The Internal-External (I-E) Locus of Control scale (Rotter, 1966) was administered to 185 male and 185 female university students. The resulting scores were factored, producing two factors for males and four for females. The male factors were the generally-accepted "luck" and "powerful others"; for women, however, the "powerful others" dimension…

An analysis of perceived altruism was conducted within the framework of Kelley's (1973) attributional model. In a 2 by 2 factorial design, the consistency and distinctiveness of a donor's prosocial history were manipulated. Subjects were provided with written scenarios depicting the work of a voluntary welfare organization aiding the elderly.…

This is the third report on the Arkansas Rehabilitation Research and Training Center's study on counselor performance and client outcome. It focuses on the relationship between rehabilitation counselors' interview behaviors and clients outcome. Eighty-nine interviews from a sample of 22 clients and 11 counselors were analyzed for counselor subrole…

Using the Delphi method, this study focused on the future of the family. The purposes of this study were twofold: (1) to study current trends having impact on the function and structure of the American family; and (2) to adapt the Delphi method to the study of social change. It concluded that a consensus exists between professional sociologists…

This study focuses on the roles of partner-and self-perception in the stability and quality of male-male, female-female, female-male, and male-female interpersonal relationships. The results reveal that, with the exception of male same-sex relationships individuals perceive greater satisfaction from "maximizing" or self-enhancement choices in…