The aim of this study is to examine graduate students' opinions regarding marriage and premarital education programs. The participants of the study are 22 graduate students (12 female and 10 male) attending different programs at a public university in Izmir, Turkey. The data for the study were collected through a standardized interview form…

Existing international research suggests that widespread performative pedagogy has contributed to producing educational inequalities for "disadvantaged" learners. There have also been calls for alternative pedagogies, which can be characterised as child-centred. This paper analyses pupils' hierarchical positioning in a contemporary,…

Hypothesized that androgynous spouses would be more understanding of their mates. A study of 207 married couples showed that at the individual level, the androgynous demonstrated more understanding than the undifferentiated, but less understanding than sex-typed individuals. Sex-typed spouses were easiest to understand. (Author/JAC)

Investigated the relationship between sex role orientations and performance in interpersonal situations. Males and females in each of four sex role categories role-played situations requiring the appropriate expression of assertiveness. Androgynous subjects were most effective in rated skills components while undifferentiated subjects were highly…

Feminine sex-role behavior, which includes deferential, nonassertive behavior, may stem from women's low status position and powerlessness. In a study of male and female college students, perceptions of the acceptability of assertive behavior were examined as a function of: (1) sex and status characteristics of assertive speakers; (2) sex of the…

Using extensive, multifaceted observational and interview data from the Family Socialization and Developmental Competence Project (FSP), this paper examines the claims that androgynes, by comparison with sex-typed individuals, are more effective persons and parents. (Author/RH)

Counselors who stimulate client self-discovery may help these clients experience undeveloped parts of themselves and expand their definitions of themselves and their sex-role possibilities. Stimulation methods actively involve clients in the exploration of sex-role concerns to change restrictive self-concepts. (Author)

A field study of 29 mountain-course instructors at the Colorado Outward Bound School (COBS) explored the relationships of gender-related personality traits and soft skills to outdoor leadership styles and course outcomes. Soft skills are competencies necessary for effective interpersonal helping skills, as opposed to hard skills, which are…

Bem's androgyny theory predicts better psychological adjustment in androgynous males and females (those with a balance of masculine and feminine traits) than in traditionally masculine men or feminine women. However, recent research suggests that androgynous individuals have no advantage over masculine-typed individuals of either sex. To explore…

Androgyny consists of the integration of relatively large numbers of both feminine and masculine sex-stereotyped characteristics. The androgynous person is viewed as a more adaptable individual. Several researchers have studied this "androgyny-equals-adaptability" hypothesis set forth by Bem (1974). Examination of this data yields a phenomenon…

Junior high school teachers (n=52) and students (n=51) viewed and photograph of male student with or without earring (nonconformity versus conformity), read behavior vignette, and rated student. Evaluations of personal traits, social class, and reactions to behavior vignette were influenced by presence or absence of earring and by whether…

While some researchers question whether women can be more vulnerable to sexual assault because of personal characteristics and/or behavioral styles, typical research designs into this question draw on retrospective comparisons of victims and non-victims, making it difficult to determine whether the observed differences are causes, correlates, or…

"Choosing the Future: College Students' Projections of Their Personal Life Patterns" is a machine-readable data file (MRDF) prepared by the principal investigator in connection with her doctoral program studies and her 1986 unpublished doctoral dissertation prepared in the Department of Psychology at the University of Cincinnati. The…