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Peer reviewedMinnett, Ann; And Others – American Annals of the Deaf, 1994
Sixty preschool children (30 deaf and hard of hearing, 30 hearing) were observed in their integrated school during learning center activities and outdoor play. Half experienced auditory communication and half total communication modes. Although all children preferred to play and communicate with same-hearing status children, 63% did communicate…
Descriptors: Deafness, Hearing Impairments, Hearing Therapy, Inclusive Schools
Peer reviewedMusselman, Carol; Churchill, Adele – American Annals of the Deaf, 1991
Conversational control was compared between hearing mothers using auditory-oral communication (A/O) and those using total communication (TC) with 34 deaf preschool children. Among A/O children, maternal style reflected children's spoken language ability, whereas among TC children, maternal style related to children's social development, and…
Descriptors: Communication Skills, Communicative Competence (Languages), Comparative Analysis, Deafness
Download full textSpencer, Patricia E. – 1992
This study examined the expressive communication and language of seven hearing mothers and their deaf infants. Total communication intervention programming was begun before 9 months of age, and communication behaviors were observed during free play when infants were 12 and 18 months old. Other data were obtained in structured interviews with…
Descriptors: Communication Skills, Deafness, Early Experience, Early Intervention
