To improve instruction, a cadre of assisting professionals, trained in clinical supervision techniques and philosophy, must be developed in each school system to work with teachers as colleagues in a nonevaluative, supportive role. (Author/MLF)

Strategies for meeting the challenges and responsibilities that the accountability movement implies for the school administrator, particularly the principal. (Author/MLF)

The role of instructional coach is being piloted in four schools within the Department of Defense Dependents Schools system. One teacher from each school is appointed as an instructional coach for teachers in the building to provide a range of services leading to improved instruction and student achievement. This collegial/instructional coaching…

In a study of 29 aspiring administrators from the University of Colorado preparation program, only 10 percent demonstrated adequate instructional conferencing abilities. Identified problems included underanalysis, poorly focused strategizing, lack of reflective discussion, and failure to pursue the conference objective. Recommendations and…

Discusses types of authority (bureaucratic, personal, technical-rational, professional, moral, cultural, and ideological) and their implications for teacher supervision. Supervision is a helping profession, in service of the teacher. The heart of supervision lies in its relationships and its mission to improve the total teaching/learning…

This paper summarizes a new paradigm of instructional supervision, which shifts the focus on supervision from an examination of individual behavior to the improvement of work processes and social system components of the school district. The paradigm, called "Knowledge Work Supervision," helps teams of teachers and specially trained supervisors…

This paper summarizes a new paradigm of instructional supervision, which shifts the focus from individual behavior to the improvement of work processes and social system components of the school district. The proposed paradigm, the Knowledge Work Supervision model, is derived from sociotechnical systems design theory and linked to the premise that…

This textbook, intended for graduate students in introductory educational supervision courses, draws on the research on effective schools, teacher and adult development, and supervisory practice, as well as on direct practical experience, to provide information that supervisors can use to help their schools be more successful. The term…

The first section of this paper briefly reviews current practices in instructional supervision, focusing on assumptions underlying many teacher supervision programs and pointing out some dilemmas involved in implementing such programs at the local district level. The second section reviews the essential features and conditions of several…

Definitions of supervision and instructional supervision are provided, along with financial and educational rationale for better quality-control of public education through the development and maintenance of an effective instructional improvement program. A suggested supervisory model is described. (MJB)

Goal setting is an essential part of an effective supervisory model. Suggestions are offered that have been effective in improving goal-setting activities in a variety of school settings. (Author/MLF)

Examines how teachers perceive behavior of supervisors or inspectors who visit Nigerian schools under the guise of instructional improvement. Some 300 secondary teachers were randomly sampled, and 250 teacher responses were analyzed. Results show modern supervisory practice is nonexistent in Nigeria and that the relationship between supervisors…

Using the literature and experiences of theorists and practitioners from several interrelated areas (knowledge work, organization learning/development, sociotechnical systems design, and quality improvement), this article proposes a new instructional supervision paradigm called Knowledge Work Supervision aimed at improving school systems'…

Tennessee has had a state-mandated system of teacher evaluation in place since 1984. This paper presents findings of a study that examined the effect of state-mandated teacher evaluations on: (1) teacher performance, and (2) the nature and amount of supervision provided to teachers. Data were derived from a survey of 58 teachers from 21 Tennessee…

With the advent of educational reform, the functions of educational supervisors have changed dramatically. Supervision is a long-term, continuous process designed to assist teachers in providing learning opportunities for students and improve the instructional program. Teachers constantly report that they receive their primary help from other…