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Ryan, Michael; Martinson, David L. – Journalism Quarterly, 1984
Reports on a study that found that public relations practitioners respond in different ways to different moral-ethical dilemmas and that they tend to think they are accountable in some situations to an authority higher than management. Concludes that subjectivism is the prevailing moral-ethical theory of practitioners. (FL)
Descriptors: Accountability, Codes of Ethics, Communication (Thought Transfer), Ethics
Dunwoody, Sharon; Ryan, Michael – 1982
Journalists often find that scientists are particularly "difficult" news sources. One possible reason is that the structures within which scientists work do not encourage their members to get involved in the public dissemination of information. Using a national sample of both physical and social scientists, a study sought to discover if…
Descriptors: Communication (Thought Transfer), Influences, Information Dissemination, Information Sources
Ryan, Michael; Tankard, James W., Jr. – 1973
Several potential "problem areas" in the science news coverage process were identified through analysis of comments written by 193 scientists who were asked to assess the accuracy of science news stories in which they were cited as the major source. The analysis led to a number of recommendations for improving the objective reporting of…
Descriptors: Communication (Thought Transfer), Editing, Information Dissemination, Information Sources