This report explores policies and practices on validation of non-formal and informal learning in the ETF's partner countries and presents the results of studies carried out in 16 countries in the period 2021-23. Countries increasingly invest in validation schemes (also known as recognition of prior learning) in an effort to give visibility to all…

Qualifications frameworks are tools for describing qualifications of an education or training system by classifying them into levels. Each level provides a clear description of what the holder of a qualification knows, understands and is able to do. They are important tools for making qualifications transparent and comprehensible, within and…

Qualifications frameworks are tools for describing qualifications of an education or training system by classifying them into levels. Each level provides a clear description of what the holder of a qualification knows, understands and is able to do. They are important tools for making qualifications transparent and comprehensible, within and…

Earthquake preparedness is a critical part of developing a sustainable community concerning reducing vulnerability to earthquakes. This study focuses on reducing children's vulnerability, particularly through a school safety program, to increase their physical and emotional preparedness for children against earthquakes. A comparative case study is…

The aim of the present study was to develop an attitude scale to measure students' attitudes toward out-of-school learning activities (OoSLA). The study was conducted with two separate study groups consisting of a total of 620 students. Expert opinion was sought on the content validity and face validity of the scale. An Exploratory Factor Analysis…

A national qualifications framework (NQF) is an instrument used to classify a country's qualifications at different levels. Each level is defined by a set of learning outcomes expected at that level. NQFs can be useful tools in education and training reforms and are vital reference points for lifelong learning and comparing qualifications across…

This report presents vocational education and training (VET) policy developments in Turkey between 2015 and 2017. It covers all five Europe-wide priority areas or medium-term deliverables (MTDs) agreed at Riga in June 2015: (1) Work-based learning with special focus on apprenticeships; (2) Quality assurance mechanisms in line with European Quality…

Since 2011, millions of Syrians have fled brutal conflict in their homeland to seek refuge in other countries. Millions more remain internally displaced. More than 5.7 million children and youth are in need of educational assistance as a result of this bloody and protracted war (OCHA, 2015) and, with no political solution in sight, it seems likely…