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Havron, Naomi; Babineau, Mireille; Christophe, Anne – Developmental Science, 2021
Infants are able to use the contexts in which familiar words appear to guide their inferences about the syntactic category of novel words (e.g. 'This is a' + 'dax' -> dax = object). The current study examined whether 18-month-old infants can rapidly adapt these expectations by tracking the distribution of syntactic structures in their input. In…
Descriptors: Toddlers, Infants, Familiarity, Inferences
Jiménez, Eva; Hills, Thomas T. – Child Development, 2022
This study investigates the influence of semantic maturation on early lexical development by examining the impact of contextual diversity--known to influence semantic development--on word promotion from receptive to productive vocabularies (i.e., comprehension-expression gap). Study 1 compares the vocabularies of 3685 American-English-speaking…
Descriptors: Semantics, Language Acquisition, Child Development, Delayed Speech
Ying, Yuanfan; Yang, Xiaolu; Shi, Rushen – First Language, 2022
Previous studies show that infants store functional morphemes for inferring syntactic categories of adjacent words, and they generally perform better with nouns than with verbs. In this study, we tested whether toddlers can exploit phrasal groupings for syntactic categorization in the face of noisy co-occurrence patterns. Using a visual fixation…
Descriptors: Morphemes, Toddlers, Language Acquisition, Inferences
Goldenberg, Elizabeth R.; Repetti, Rena L.; Sandhofer, Catherine M. – Developmental Psychology, 2022
Children learn what words mean from hearing words used across a variety of contexts. Understanding how different contextual distributions relate to the words young children say is critical because context robustly affects basic learning and memory processes. This study examined children's everyday experiences using naturalistic video recordings to…
Descriptors: Context Effect, Nouns, Linguistic Input, Video Technology
Koenig, Ashley; Arunachalam, Sudha; Saudino, Kimberly J. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2020
Children's lexical processing speed at 18 to 25 months of age has been linked to concurrent and later language abilities. In the current study, we extend this finding to children aged 36 months. Children (N = 126) participated in a lexical processing task in which they viewed two static images on noun trials (e.g., an ear of corn and a hat), or…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Nouns, Verbs, School Readiness
Ma, Weiyi; Zhou, Peng; Golinkoff, Roberta Michnick; Lee, Joanne; Hirsh-Pasek, Kathy – First Language, 2019
The syntactic structure of sentences in which a new word appears may provide listeners with cues to that new word's form class. In English, for example, a noun tends to follow a determiner ("a"/"an"/"the"), while a verb precedes the morphological inflection [ing]. The presence of these markers may assist children in…
Descriptors: Syntax, Cues, Mandarin Chinese, Verbs
MacRoy-Higgins, Michelle; Shafer, Valerie L.; Fahey, Katlin J.; Kaden, Elyssa R. – Journal of Early Intervention, 2016
The purpose of this study was to understand vocabulary characteristics in toddlers who are late talkers (LT) as compared with age-matched (AM) and vocabulary-matched (VM) peers. The semantic categories (e.g., animals, foods, toys) and the percentage of nouns, verbs, and closed-class words in the vocabularies of 36 toddlers (12 LT, 12 AM, 12 VM)…
Descriptors: Vocabulary Development, Toddlers, Delayed Speech, Semantics
Cartmill, Erica A.; Hunsicker, Dea; Goldin-Meadow, Susan – Developmental Psychology, 2014
Nouns form the first building blocks of children's language but are not consistently modified by other words until around 2.5 years of age. Before then, children often combine their nouns with gestures that indicate the object labeled by the noun, for example, pointing at a bottle while saying "bottle." These gestures are typically…
Descriptors: Child Language, Nouns, Nonverbal Communication, Form Classes (Languages)
Labrell, Florence; van Geert, Paul; Declercq, Christelle; Baltazart, Véronique; Caillies, Stéphanie; Olivier, Marie; Le Sourn-Bissaoui, Sandrine – First Language, 2014
Dynamic analyses of language growth tell us how vocabulary and grammar develop and how the two might be intertwined. Analyses of growth curves between 17 and 42 months, based on longitudinal data for 34 children, revealed interesting patterns of vocabulary and grammatical developments. They showed that these patterns were nonlinear, but with…
Descriptors: Vocabulary Development, Profiles, Infants, Toddlers
Yuan, Sylvia; Fisher, Cynthia; Snedeker, Jesse – Child Development, 2012
Two-year-olds use the sentence structures verbs appear in--"subcategorization frames"--to guide verb learning. This is syntactic bootstrapping. This study probed the developmental origins of this ability. The structure-mapping account proposes that children begin with a bias toward one-to-one mapping between nouns in sentences and participant…
Descriptors: Cues, Sentences, Verbs, Nouns
Friend, Margaret; Pace, Amy – Developmental Psychology, 2011
The present article investigates spatial- and social-cognitive processes in toddlers' mapping of concepts to real-world events. In 2 studies we explore how event segmentation might lay the groundwork for extracting actions from the event stream and conceptually mapping novel verbs to these actions. In Study 1, toddlers demonstrated the ability to…
Descriptors: Cues, Verbs, Toddlers, Infants
Candan, Ayse; Kuntay, Aylin C.; Yeh, Ya-ching; Cheung, Hintat; Wagner, Laura; Naigles, Letitia R. – Cognitive Development, 2012
We compare the processing of transitive sentences in young learners of a strict word order language (English) and two languages that allow noun omissions and many variant word orders: Turkish, a case-marked language, and Mandarin Chinese, a non case-marked language. Children aged 1-3 years listened to simple transitive sentences in the typical…
Descriptors: Sentences, Language Acquisition, Mandarin Chinese, Word Order
Bassano, Dominique; Korecky-Kröll, Katharina; Maillochon, Isabelle; van Dijk, Marijn; Laaha, Sabine; van Geert, Paul; Dressler, Wolfgang U. – First Language, 2013
This study investigates prosodic (noun length) and lexical-semantic (animacy) influences on determiner use in the spontaneous speech of three children acquiring French, Austrian German and Dutch. In support of typological and language-specific hypotheses from the Germanic-Romance contrast, an advantage of monosyllabic nouns and of inanimate nouns…
Descriptors: Intonation, French, Form Classes (Languages), German
Childers, Jane B.; Vaughan, Julie; Burquest, Donald A. – Journal of Child Language, 2007
This study examines infants' joint attention behavior and language development in a rural village in Nigeria. Participants included eight younger (1;0 to 1;5, M age=1;2) and eight older toddlers (1;7 to 2;7, M age=2;1). Joint attention behaviors in social interaction contexts were recorded and coded at two time points six months apart. Analyses…
Descriptors: Verbs, Nouns, Linguistics, Toddlers
Szagun, Gisela; Stumper, Barbara; Sondag, Nina; Franik, Melanie – Journal of Child Language, 2007
The acquisition of noun gender on articles was studied in a sample of 21 young German-speaking children. Longitudinal spontaneous speech data were used. Data analysis is based on 22 two-hourly speech samples per child from 6 children between 1 ; 4 and 3 ; 8 and on 5 two-hourly speech samples per child from 15 children between 1 ; 4 and 2 ; 10. The…
Descriptors: Speech Communication, Phonology, Nouns, Data Analysis
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