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Zosuls, Kristina M.; Ruble, Diane N.; Tamis-LeMonda, Catherine S. – Child Development, 2014
This article advances a self-socialization perspective demonstrating that children's understanding of "both" gender categories represents an intergroup cognition that is foundational to the development of gender-stereotyped play. Children's (N = 212) gender category knowledge was assessed at 24 months and play was observed at…
Descriptors: Socialization, Immigrants, Mexican Americans, Toddlers
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Halim, May Ling; Ruble, Diane N.; Tamis-LeMonda, Catherine S.; Zosuls, Kristina M.; Lurye, Leah E.; Greulich, Faith K. – Developmental Psychology, 2014
Many young children pass through a stage of gender appearance rigidity; girls insist on wearing dresses, often pink and frilly, whereas boys refuse to wear anything with a hint of femininity. In 2 studies, we investigated the prevalence of this apparent hallmark of early gender development and its relation to children's growing identification with…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Child Development, Sexual Identity, Physical Characteristics
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Gillen-O'Neel, Cari; Ruble, Diane N.; Fuligni, Andrew J. – Child Development, 2011
Previous research addressing the dynamics of stigma and academics has focused on African American adolescents and adults. The present study examined stigma awareness, academic anxiety, and intrinsic motivation among 451 young (ages 6-11) and diverse (African American, Chinese, Dominican, Russian, and European American) students. Results indicated…
Descriptors: Minority Group Children, Adolescents, Anxiety, Latin Americans