The factor structure of the "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" (DSM-IV) criteria for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is evaluated in a sample of 1,503 college students. The Adult Behavior Checklist is evaluated as a screening instrument. Results support the extension of ADHD criteria for diagnosis to college…

Reports findings of a 1993 questionnaire completed by 46 North American art therapists that focuses on the outpatient treatment of multiple personality disorder. Includes information on role in diagnosing, fees and third-party payment, and therapeutic activities. Treatment issues include pacing and containment, and managing the client's chronic…

This document presents a review of the literature on salient ethical issues in marriage and family counseling. Issues addressed in the paper include: (1) defining the client and the welfare and rights of individuals versus those of the family system; (2) issues of informed consent and manipulative therapeutic interventions; (3) issues related to…

Osgood, Suci, and Tannenbaum in their work with the semantic differential developed a technique with which data from an individual could be represented by a three-dimensional model. The model is derived from distance scores based upon profile ratings of concepts such as mother or self, on subscales such as kind-cruel, weak-strong, etc. Osgood…

Two randomized trials were conducted to determine (1) whether the use of the algorithm system has a measurable effect on the clinical problem-solving behavior of physician's assistants, and (2) if so, which components of the algorithm system account for the effect. Inconclusive findings are reported. (LBH)

The problem of acute pulmonary embolism is employed to illustrate that medical decision analysis is possible despite some of the difficulties encountered in previous application. The usefulness of computerized decision models is discussed. (LBH)

Sixteen community residents with relatively stable respiratory, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, or neurological findings were recruited and trained as instructor-patients to teach the technical elements of the examination of an affected organ system. Faculty recruitment, instructor-patient recruitment and training, and evaluation are discussed.…

A method of instruction in gynecology is described that encouraged the formulation of early diagnostic hypotheses, an important part of clinical problem-solving. Students were given a set of clinical clues to help them make broad diagnostic hypotheses. Student ability, results, and student perceptions of the course are provided. (Author/LBH)

To fully develop their diagnostic skills, medical students must recognize the limited reliability of the observations on which diagnoses are based. Study of 36 second-year students shows multiple sources of observer variation in readings of systolic and diastolic blood pressures. (LBH)

Reviews the use of ultrasonic techniques for obtaining images of the internal conditions of the human body. (SL)

A sample of 396 general dentists, oral surgeons, and periodontists were interviewed to determine their experience in treating patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus HIV, factors associated with their knowledge about AIDS, and their sources of information regarding AIDS. Fifty-six percent indicated a reluctance or inability to treat an…

Simulations can help students apply basic science knowledge (which they are acquiring concurrently) to the identification and management of the physiological, metabolic, and/or anatomic problem(s) underlying the signs and the symptoms of a specific "simulated patient." The design, development, and production of these simulations are described. (JN)

Technetium radiopharmaceuticals are diagnostic imaging agents used in the field of nuclear medicine to visualize tissues, anatomical structures, and metabolic disorders. Bioavailability of technetium complexes, thyroid imaging, brain imaging, kidney imaging, imaging liver function, bone imaging, and heart imaging are the major areas discussed. (JN)

A new system for conceptualizing college students' problems, which is more comprehensive and practical than those based solely on DSM-III psychiatric diagnosis, is proposed. Preliminary reliability and validity data for the Inventory of Common Problems are presented, and advantages of the new system are discussed. (Author/MT)

Contrasted a debiasing condition, in which undergraduate subjects (N=73) were warned of possible anchoring errors and how to avoid them, with a no-debiasing condition. Results indicated that debiasing was irrelevant because neither the replication sample nor the debiased sample demonstrated significant anchoring errors in their judgments. (LLL)