The knowledge of college students about conditions under which particular reading tactics are appropriate was studied. Results of 2 experiments with 377 college students identified 10 distinct categories of reading situations, which constitute an approximation of a typology of reading situations that could organize research on reading strategies.…

Examines three experiments about how readers combine immediate sentence context with information presented earlier in a paragraph in processing words in text. Finds that discourse information operates interactively with local context to affect readers' expectations for and processing of upcoming words. (MG)

Explores task, person, and strategy variables as determinants of strategy use in college students, drawing upon study strategy, metacognition, and attribution research literatures. Finds that the college students reported using more than eight strategies per student on the average. (MG)

Investigates how nonproficient college readers monitor their comprehension of difficult expository text. Describes reading behavior as follows: as a global description of word-related, sentence-related, and discourse-related strategies used by nonproficient readers; and as a process description of how readers monitor their comprehension when…

Describes an experimental investigation of how a live metaphor might help readers connect an old idea with a new concept, thereby adding new information to an existing base of knowledge. Finds that the use of metaphors may generate a meaningful learning experience for less able readers at the university level. (MG)

Describes a teaching framework that allows instructors to become facilitators rather than the knowledge source; it also encourages social construction of knowledge and independence. Cites the seven stages of EMPOWER: elicit, monitor, pose, organize, web, engage, and reflect. Notes that these stages take students through a prereading strategy, a…

Finds that: sentence reading times were facilitated during rereading to the extent that the information had been encoded from the initial reading; participants incorporated new information into their text representations; rereading improved the memory for causally important information; and the correlation between recall and importance was greater…

Shares a memory enhancer that has stood the test of time and has supported students in their pursuit of meaningful textbook reading, from upper elementary grades through college classrooms: THIEVES (Title, Headings, Introduction, Every first sentence in a paragraph, Visuals and vocabulary, End of chapter questions, and Summary). Notes the…

The aim of the 2018 International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS) Cognition and Exploratory Learning in the Digital Age (CELDA) conference was to address the main issues concerned with evolving learning processes and supporting pedagogies and applications in the digital age. There have been advances in both cognitive…

As universities gain access to satellite delivery systems, faculty are asking questions about how information processing varies between print versus television delivery systems. A study compared 68 undergradaute adults' information processing activity when the same message is presented in print vs. on television. Results reveal little differences…

A study examined what happened when a group of adult students read a hypertext for the goal of answering specific questions. Subjects, 30 students enrolled in an upper-division psychology course at a state university in the northwestern United States, read a binary tree-structured hypertext to answer three two-part questions on the topic of…

After analyzing 40 speed reading texts, a study concluded that in order for these books to accurately reflect the empirical reading research they should recognize the upper limits of genuine reading (300 to 600 wpm) and limit the recommended area of eye fixation to three or fewer words. (SRT)

Reports on a study to examine the way college students in a reading methods course learned about and demonstrated the strategies they use to construct the main idea of an essay. Concludes that teacher modeling and concrete examples are important to all levels of instruction, kindergarten through university senior. (RS)

This study examined how knowledge of text structure may aid in comprehension and recall. One hundred forty-three students were assigned to read a canonical or a noncanonical text after half of them received instruction in text structure. Their written recall of the text was then evaluated for comprehension. Methodology and results are discussed.…

Concludes that poor comprehenders may lack the awareness and the ability to use strategies that involve higher order, more complex thinking skills. Offers suggestions for teaching students to become aware of and engage in thinking skills. (FL)