To determine whether the Posner task, which measures the speed at which information is retrieved from the long term memory, improves prediction of reading comprehension, 121 students from reading and study skills and teacher education courses were administered the Posner task and listening comprehension, reading comprehension, and SAT verbal…

Specific questions addressed in this study include how time limits affect a test's construct and predictive validities, how time limits affect an examinee's time allocation and test performance, and whether the assumption about how examinees answer items is valid. Interactions involving an examinee's sex and age are studied. Two parallel forms of…

The Johari Window--a model that categorizes degree of self-awareness and openness in communication into (1) information known to self and others (open), (2) information known to self but not to others (hidden), (3) information known to others but not self (blind), and (4) information known neither to self nor to others (unknown)--is a frequently…

The ability of the Medical College Admissions Test (MCAT) and undergraduate grade point average (GPA) to predict success in medical school was studied, and two complementary methods of determining if the tests are biased against ethnic groups were examined. Data from 497 majority and 82 minority medical students at the College of Human Medicine at…

Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) validity data on disabled students were obtained from 145 institutions with validity data on nonhandicapped students. First year grade point averages (FYAs) were obtained for almost 1,000 disabled students who had taken special test administrations of the SAT with extra time and for more than 650 disabled students…

This paper summarizes and analyzes data from studies of differential validity and differential prediction for blacks versus whites and females versus males. Forty studies on racial differences and 53 on gender differences were selected from searches of the ERIC, PsychInfo, and Dissertation Abstracts International databases; Buros' Mental…

The demand for managers with strong technical skills has led to increased interest in the selection and development of persons who have the potential to be successful managers. To learn more about early identification of persons possessing aptitude to manage, 82 engineering and science students completed a questionnaire describing behaviors they…

Direct approaches to attitude measurement make it easy for subjects to give socially desirable responses which may affect the outcome. A regression analysis method called policy capturing was used to study prejudicial attitudes in college students and to obtain estimates of the variance accounted for by predictors associated with sex. Students…

The Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) was examined for sex bias. Data for student samples from two midwestern state-supported medical schools were analyzed. The criteria included average course grades in each of the first two years of medical school. Tests comparing various regression models based on male and female subgroups generally failed…

The average College Board Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) scores for women have declined more than the scores for men. Recent evidence concerning the academic performance of men and women was studied by examining sex differences among all SAT takers, test takers grouped by anticipated major field of study, and college freshman year courses and…

A research project was designed to identify factors related to the success or failure of East Carolina University School of Nursing graduates on examinations required for licensure as registered nurses. The data base contained information from the classes of 1979-82 (n=392). It includes scores on the State Board Test Pool Examination (for…

Perspectives on testing and affirmative action are considered. The following issue areas are addressed: the validity and fairness of admission tests; information relevant to the admission of students that is not readily scored or quantified and that may be obtained through interviews, recommendations, accomplishments, and other information…

Data were collected for a brief objective English test, the Test of Standard Written English (TSWE), and for subsequent essay writing performance in four institutions. Data were then pooled across the four institutions and subclassified into four groups: males, females, majorities, and minorities. The groups were then compared with respect to TSWE…

The purpose of the study was to compare the undergraduate grade point average with the graduate index to ascertain whether the former could be used as a predictor of graduate success for students in the Leadership-Administration Emphasis, with an eye to using it in the graduate admissions process. Data on the 60 students enrolled in the program…

An attempt was made to determine the increase in predictive efficiency attained by adding noncognitive to cognitive variables to predict clinical performance of medical school graduates in residency training. Fifty-six graduates, 45 males, and 11 females, in 33 reading programs representing various specialties, were evaluated by supervisory…