Male and female subjects studied photographs of females who differed in somatic appearance and read information about traits. Subjects estimated the probability that the stimulus person possessed other gender-related traits and engaged in gender-related behaviors. Results support a multiple-component construction of stereotypes, with physical…

Reexamined the relationship of self-designation of race to preference for counselor race in 160 Black students. Results rejected the use of self-designated race labels as a reliable method of predicting student preference for counselor race, suggesting the influence of changes in the social and political climate. (JAC)

Examined family background variables in relation to women's (N=400) adherence to feminist ideology and commitment to a self-perception as a "feminist." Results showed the only factors differentiating women who uphold feminist ideology from those who do not is perception of mothers' ideology and nonreligious background. (WAS)

Surveyed college students (N=167) about norms for sexual behavior. Concluded that the "permissiveness with affection" norm exists and violators of this norm are negatively labeled, but different standards apply to men and women. Suggests counselors become aware of the complexity of this sex code and their own biases. (JAC)

A majority (60%) of 19 management faculty identified challenges dealing with "Generation X" students, including communication differences; changes in teaching and assessment practices were noted. Managers (n=16) noted similar challenges with younger employees. Analysis showed these challenges were not unique to this generation,…

Investigated the incidence, nature, and impact of everyday sexism among college students. Data from daily diaries indicated that women experienced one to two significant sexist incidents per week that affected their psychological well-being (e.g., gender role stereotypes, prejudice, demeaning comments and behaviors, and sexual objectification).…

This paper argues for discussion on the idea that "multi-culturalism" programs at universities, and particularly in journalism programs, should include exposure to gay/lesbian/bisexual issues in addition to material about minorities and women. The paper's premise is that blacks, women, and gays have received similarly shoddy,…

This digest notes that there has been an increase in the number of graduate community mental health counseling programs requiring course work in abnormal behavior, psychopathology, and psychodiagnosis and that, as a result of this increase, utilization of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) also has…

Although attractive people are often assumed to have many socially desirable characteristics, observers also attribute certain negative traits to them (i.e., more snobbish, more materialistic, more likely to be unfaithful). To examine whether unattractive people would be seen as more machiavellian (having more negative traits) and whether…

Stimatizing attitudes and expectations toward mentally ill individuals often lead to their behavioral confirmation. To investigate attitudes and behaviors towards people described as seeking psychological counseling, 136 college students (68 males, 68 females) took part in a mixed-sex dyadic conversation. One dyad member was randomly chosen as the…

Many questions about how couples construe violence between intimate partners remain unanswered. In order to examine the "labeling" of violence, attitudes about intimate violence, and victims' reactions to assault, 125 undergraduate students completed a three-part questionnaire, including a Battering Empathy Scale (BES), a section…

A 6 month study of attitudes held by hearing students toward deafness on an integrated deaf-hearing campus examined changes in attitudes that are theoretically to be expected when ideal cultural norms confront real norms of daily life. (Author)

The author critiques affirmative action and compensatory education on the grounds that they (1) may incite prejudice by labeling individuals as "disadvantaged" and (2) leave unchanged the traditional academic standards which equate success with verbal fluency and memorization. He suggests that schools become open to diverse intellectual…

One hundred thirty-four college students (mean age 19.9 years) were presented with a photograph labeled as a 5-year-old boy or girl and heard statements attributed to the child. (Author)

Explores the role of authoritative discourse in the "learning disabled" labeling of a student enrolled in a literacy course for preservice teachers. Provides a concrete example of the power of authoritative discourse and the role that teachers, through their pedagogy, may play in accepting or interrupting that discourse. (SG)