U.S. higher education was built on slavery and land theft. It has historically and contemporarily excluded communities of color from full participation systematically. Therefore, an educational debt is owed and needs to be repaid by Predominantly White Institutions of higher education.

The world is experiencing a democratic recession, and in the United States, core democratic beliefs are under attack. As a key social organization, academic institutions have a central role in the protection of democracy. Boards, presidents, faculty, and students have the ability--and responsibility--to protect and advance democracy. A course in…

Our paper revisits a neglected chapter in the history of geographic education--the civil rights organization SNCC and the Freedom Schools it helped establish in 1964. An alternative to Mississippi's racially segregated public schools, Freedom Schools addressed basic educational needs of Black children while also creating a curriculum to empower…

Veterans and service members enter higher education institutions with a unique set of challenges and opportunities. After World War II, institutions struggled to find a way to help these students, and as classrooms swelled, policies and services had to be created to assist in their transition. Over time, best practices immerged to help aid this…

"Expect Delays: At the Crossroads of Higher Education," analyzes the cultural representations of higher education that shape personhood for minoritized identities. It argues that an emphasis on linear logics, spatial temporalities, and hegemonic visual culture impact self-fashioning for historically marginalized populations. This project…

The debates that involve banning critical race theory and implementing ethnic studies programs have recently surged. But this is not the first time that controversy about ethnic studies programs and other efforts to promote equity has led to dissension. In the 1960s, similar discord led to violence. Today, right-wing activists are making efforts…

The rich mosaic of U.S. demographics contains multiple languages, cultures, and belief systems. Yet, the historical legacy of an old, white supremacist "master narrative" continues to dominate our political, social, and educational systems. The authors of this paper are educators who teach in either K-12 classrooms or at the university…

Objective: This article reports on a study of archival legal and administrative texts generated during desegregation litigation instituted during the 1970s to enforce Title VI of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. The specific focus of the research was on North Carolina and actions taken by the University of North Carolina and the state's Department of…

Between 1636 and 1769, the American colonists established nine institutions of higher learning: Harvard College, the College of William & Mary, Yale College, the College of New Jersey, the College of Philadelphia, King's College, the College of Rhode Island, Queen's College, and Dartmouth College. These nine centers of learning, stretching…

Historically, Blacks make up a disproportionately high population of individuals from lower-socioeconomic families. As this study sought answers to the research questions, the central question was consistently used as a guiding tool, as all research questions extend from that question. This phenomenological study focused on discovering and…

The purpose of this article is to provide linkages to retributive political actions centred in the USA aimed at erasing a long standing commitment of the responsibility of institutions of higher education to correct and ameliorate historical social, racial and moral injustices and inequalities with a political ideology that denies their legitimacy…

Fear for the future of democracy in the 1930s and 1940s led university educators to redefine the purpose of general education as preparation for democratic citizenship. This mobilized social scientists to engage in curricular reform and experiment with progressive pedagogical practices in new general education courses. These courses have been…

This article analyzes a public memory pedagogical partnership that disturbed the public memory of a community organization as an egalitarian space. How students, community partners, and I negotiated privately and represented publicly this legacy of the United States' worst shame required us--and me--to figure out what partnership and collaboration…

Background/Context: This research is framed by both the historical lineage of the New Civics and the legacy of educational and curricular debates in the United States. It contributes to the literature on mid-20th century education. Purpose and Research Questions: This study explores the relationship between religion, civics, and education through…

College expansion throughout the twentieth century was accompanied by the growth of a profession centered on supporting student learning and development. Higher Education and Student Affairs (HESA) programs multiplied across the United States to train these professionals with a focus on administration, leadership, and student affairs. As…