Reviews and evaluates the extent of gender differences in academic cheating behaviors based on previous studies that used self-report data. Findings from 21 studies suggest that substantial proportions of students cheat in high school and college, with only small differences between males and females. (SLD)

Explores three meta-analyses investigating the relationship between music and mathematics on: (1) correlational studies (n=20); (2) experimental training studies (n=6) instructing students in music performance, then testing them on mathematics skills; and (3) experimental studies (n=15) investigating whether listening to background music during a…

A rigorous approach to conducting nonstatistical meta-analyses of research literature is presented and illustrated in a study of literature on primary care medical specialty choice. The approach described includes model development, literature retrieval and coding, quality rating, annotation of high-quality references, and synthesizing the subset…

Among findings of a review of research on college students' preconceptions of male and female college teachers were that, in the majority of studies, students' global evaluations of male and female teachers as professionals were not different, though in a minority of studies, male teachers received higher overall evaluations than did female…

The purpose of this meta-analytic assessment was to examine the instructional effect of visualization, color versus black and white, and method of presentation (self-paced versus externally paced) in terms of facilitating high school and college student achievement on tests measuring different educational objectives. (Author/LRW)

Offers instructors a model for presenting meta-analysis to students within an undergraduate experimental psychology course that can be covered in approximately 90 minutes. Discusses the prerequisites for teachers and students, outlines a lecture, and describes an in-class exercise that gives students practice in meta-analytic procedures. Offers an…

The Reflective Judgment Model and associated interview (RJI) (Kitchener and King, 1981) measure the ability of individuals to reason about ill-structured problems. It has gained popularity as a measure of college outcomes associated with postsecondary education. This study examines general claims for the model made from existing data from 15 of 25…

A meta-analysis examined a series of studies by F.M. Dwyer on the effect of illustrations on text comprehension. Principal component analysis was used to reduce the four posttests used by Dwyer to more fundamental factors of learning, followed by analyses of variance. All nine studies (involving secondary-school and college students) in which…

Methods for meta-analysis have evolved dramatically since Gene Glass first proposed the term in 1976. Since that time statistical and nonstatistical aspects of methodology for meta-analysis have been developing at a steady pace. This guide is an attempt to provide a practical introduction to rigorous procedures in the meta-analysis of social…

The usefulness of taking notes to enhance recall was assessed, based on reviewing the research literature using the techniques of meta-analysis. Meta-analysis allows for both the computation of the strength of an effect within studies and the determination of mean effect sizes averaged across related studies. Fourteen studies that maintained…

A synthesis of findings from 46 studies on group-based applications of mastery learning strategies points out their positive effects on both cognitive and affective student learning outcomes as well as on several teacher variables. Variables affecting the success of mastery learning, such as choice of strategy, student grade level, and study…

This synthesis of findings from 40 studies showed that students can raise their test scores by taking practice tests. The size of the gains were a function of three factors: identical vs. parallel forms of the test, number of practice tests, and ability level of the student. (Author/BW)

Teachers and researchers can learn more about mastery learning by looking at the full picture instead of the small area on which R. E. Slavin focuses. Effects on precollege examinations constitute only a small part of the story; the larger literature presents many examples of its effectiveness. (SLD)

Metanalysis of 27 studies dealing with psychology students and the Graduate Record Examinations' (GRE) validity in predicting graduate school success was conducted. Overall, results do not indicate that the verbal and advanced psychology portions are valid predictors of grades, although the quantitative section predicts grades in quantitative…

Meta-analysis of 34 comparative studies on conventional vs. individualized instruction (II) found most favored the latter but with small-moderate overall effect. Pacing had significant effect, with teacher-pacing more effective than student-paced learning. On average, II required less time than conventional teaching. Additional research on this…