Counselors and future counselors face a variety of challenges as society becomes more diverse and laden with differing value systems. As the Code of Ethics and Standards of Practice (American Counseling Association, 1995) is changed to become more inclusive of the values held in a diverse society, changes in counselor preparation to incorporate…

Reviews the development of teacher education in Portugal since the 1974 revolution, which brought the country to democracy. Using the Association for Teacher Education in Europe's scenario model, the paper describes the hidden philosophies underlying changes that are occurring and shows how teacher education has evolved from a romantic, idealistic…

Since the early twentieth century, there have been numerous warnings about the dangers of the growing concentration of corporate ownership of the mass media. As early as 1920, Walter Lippmann claimed that propaganda was already "...a regular organ of popular government." He referred to the propaganda in the media as the…

This document discusses various models of peace education. Peace education can be handled in a number of different ways in relation to the traditional "Didactic space" of schools, for example: (1) peace education can be made into a special subject, a mono-curricular approach; (2) peace related issues can be handled by means of special…

The results of an evaluation instrument developed to assess the attitudes of college students towards environmental decisionmaking indicated that attitudes did change significantly in the experimental groups, regardless of educational methodology. Recommendations of the researcher included the need for further research in the attitudinal realm of…

The works of G. D. Wilson and F. N. Kerlinger have suggested different theories to explain liberalism and conservatism. Wilson presents a bipolar dynamic theory of conservatism based on a general conservative syndrome factor. Kerlinger presents a duality view of liberalism and conservatism based on the critical referent theory of attitudes. A…

This paper discusses five issues in values and ethics relating to educational fund raising: (1) how should fund raising relate to the overall priorities of the institution? (2) what is the proper relationship between the institution and the donor? (3) what information is the institution obligated to present or make available with respect to its…

Recent research has invited critiques of the authoritative descriptions of composing found in many rhetoric textbooks. The concept of "convention" may be especially useful in rethinking the teleological basis of these textbook descriptions. Conventions found in composition textbooks need to be unmasked as arbitrary concepts which serve…

These papers examine societal forces and demographic trends that will affect private camping in the next decade. Each paper begins with an executive summary. The body of each paper then documents the conclusions and speculates on the implications for camping. Reference lists also are provided. "American Values and Organized Camping" by F. M.…

Critical theory (CT), according to the author, is concerned with a critique of the modern rationality that underlies both scientific and industrial projects that subjugate the individuality of the person. He sees CT as an analytical and reflective process that stands next to the reach for empirical verification of the reality of the world and the…

This paper examines the process of conversion in sex-roles classes by contrasting the context of testimonies in sex-roles classes with that found in evangelical Christian churches. Data are drawn from students' journals and participation-observation. Pedagogical suggestions for handling classroom conversion problems are provided. (Author)

This paper presents some of the findings of a survey of feminists seeking to answer three basic questions about women's education. The questions guiding the research were: (1) What do feminist women perceive as important aspects of an education for women which promotes the development of their potentials? (2) What aspects of their schooling…

Analysis of responses to a series of stories obtained from a sample of midwestern college women showed that freshmen women were more traditional and less secular in orientation toward the role of women than were upperclass and PhD students. (Author)

Presented at the Annual Convention of the National Association of Secondary School Principals (53d, San Francisco, February 28 - March 5, 1969).

This paper reports the development of a measure of perceived homophily. In both an initial investigation and in a replication, four dimensions of response were observed. These dimensions were labeled attitude, value, appearance, and background. Additional results indicated that opinion leaders are perceived as more homophilous than non-opinion…