The study of discourse genres as social action has steadily displaced more traditional views of genre, proposing the organic and ecological model that any consistent pattern of response to a recurrent rhetorical situation might constitute a genre. Observation of the life cycles of genres as transient social events can occur in a classroom using…

Describes aspects of Linda Flower's work used by the author in devising writing technical assistance for teams writing technical reports in the United States General Accounting Office. Discusses three brief case studies describing the relationship between the work program structure (a major barrier to audience-based writing) and the writing…

Proposes that e-mail peer response teaches students about audience and text. Explains that asynchronous electronic peer response helps students become better responders by: promoting a written exchange; using writing to express their thoughts, and giving them time and distance to think about their reactions. Proposes that this creates an…

Advocates asking business communications students to compose entries into role-playing journals as a means of practicing the concepts of audience analysis and appropriateness of language to speaker and context. Describes the assignment, the way it can be analyzed, and the benefits of the approach. (HB)

Describes a technical writing assignment in which students learn to consider the needs of an audience through writing query letters. Discusses researching the magazine, comparing competitors, editors' responses, and the advantages results of the assignment. (PRA)

Offers a model lesson that uses television commercials to foster in students a more sophisticated awareness of audience. (SR)

Analyzes earlier studies which suggest that women are better than men in considering audience during writing tasks. Argues that little difference actually exists between males and females as they construct a verbal and visual set of instructions. Provides data from original research on this topic. (HB)

Discusses the difficulties with anticipating reader needs and evaluating a text's effectiveness. Reviews current methods of evaluating audience needs such as peer review and audience testing. Describes a reader-focused assignment detailing the class preparation, peer review, reader testing, reader response, and student response to reader…

Uses ethnographic field methods to investigate the ways that scientific authors develop an understanding of their audiences. Finds that, rather than writing a text for an abstract audience, these scientists engaged their readers in direct interactions to obtain a clearer sense of their concerns. (RS)

Discusses eight limiting factors on media effects, identifying and raising research questions about agents and structures that limit the potential effects of the mass media on the behavior and attitudes of people and on the actions of institutions. Discusses the ignorance of researchers about how people use, and live with, the mass media. (SR)

Suggests a method for modeling the characters of readers and writers as they are shaped in the process of writing about public policy issues. Uses this model to examine classroom oral presentations of four professionals. Integrates consideration of writing process, audience, ethics, and public policy issues. (HB)

Explores the differences between e-mail and paper mail, focusing on audience, interface, and rhythm of response. Argues that technological change triggers other changes in a system, creating discomfort, and that this discomfort should not prevent English and writing teachers from studying and accepting e-mail as a legitimate site for writing. (RS)

Examines effect of use of e-mail by college developmental reading students to respond to literature. Provides a detailed view of the nature of the students' engagement. Shows that using quality literature, e-mail, and authentic audiences engaged many students in academic discourse. (RS)

Describes an eight-hour module the author uses to teach multimedia presentations to students from the school of computer engineering. Focuses on color and animation, and examining overuse of effects, coordinating the chosen effect and the intended meaning, and altering the style to suit the audience. Includes an outline of assignments and of the…

This paper discusses how the topic of homelessness was explored for a course through research and a final project which consisted of a performance of personal narratives. The paper: (1) recounts how the script was created; (2) describes and shows the actual reproduction of the script; (3) presents a brief analysis of the script; and (4) describes…