Four studies examined role of philosophical commitments in directing preferences for types of counseling. First study provides partial support for relationship between epistemic commitments and preferences for types of counseling. Studies 2 and 3 extend findings, and study 4 provides tentative support for possibility that counselor trainees…

Culturally responsive counseling for adult students depends on counselor self-awareness, knowledge and understanding of cultural groups, and appropriate skills to deal effectively with the needs of students with different backgrounds, experiences, world views, values, and learning styles. (SK)

White rehabilitation-counseling graduate students reviewed case materials for a client portrayed as African American to one group and as White to the other. The African-American client was judged to have less potential for education and employment after participants reviewed the initial client information. This difference persisted even after…

Drawing on earlier research, presents the stages of counselors' cognitive flow (what counselors are thinking). Describes associated techniques that can be used by supervisors of any theoretical orientation to teach supervisees working with couples to be aware of and modify their thought processes in sessions. (RJM)

Urges a broader definition of the term "multicultural counseling," and explores the potential contribution of multiculturalism to the theory and practice of counseling. Briefly reviews the current status of training in cross-cultural and multicultural counseling, and offers suggestions for upgrading the preparation of multicultural…

The structure and salience of disability perceptions among rehabilitation counseling students were investigated with a longitudinal design. A questionnaire was developed in which students (N=14) were asked to judge the similarity of all pairs of 12 disabilities and to rate each of the disabilities on 14 attribute scales. Students were assessed at…

This study tests the hypothesis that previous ratings of programs in psychology reflect both an experimental psychology and general institutional halo bias. It was found that applied programs in counseling psychology do receive ratings that differ from overall ratings of psychology in general. Programs ranked as strong, good, and adequate are…

College admissions counselors, secondary school counselors, and secondary school seniors each have differing attitudes and expectations about the role of college admissions counselors. A mail questionnaire was used to measure the attitudes and opinions of members of each of these three groups. (Author)

This study investigated similarities and differences of response by male and female counselors-in-training to clients of their own and opposite sex. The Counseling Response Instrument (CRI) was administered to 127 participants. Although different response patterns were found, results were not in the direction of traditional sex-role stereotyping.…

A semantic differential related to the theoretical orientation of a university counselor training program was given to 201 students who had reached the practicum level of the program. Eleven factors were significant. Six significant correlations were found between counselor grade and factor scores while one significant correlation was found…

Examined the relationship between beginning therapists' personalities and their evaluations of three divergent family therapy styles. Sixty clinical and counseling psychology students completed the Adjective Checklist and three friends/family members rated them. Self-rated personality factors of dominant-masculinity and nurturant-femininity were…

Examined responses of psychologists and psychiatrists in medical schools (N=59) to vignettes representing student problems. Results suggested practitioners were generally unwilling to break confidentiality in response to problems involving suicidal tendencies, sexual coercion/seduction, social transgressions, or falsifying data. Only suggestions…

Studied the incidence of bias related to race and socioeconomic status which could confound the diagnosis of alcoholism. Graduate psychology students made a diagnosis based on videotapes. Results indicated lower socioeconomic class individuals were more often diagnosed correctly for alcoholism, and Blacks were diagnosed alcoholic more often than…

Searched for interaction between quality of counseling skills (presence or absence of empathy, genuineness, and positive regard) and physical attractiveness as determinants of counseling effectiveness. Attractiveness influenced perceived effectiveness of counselor's skill. Analyses of expectancy data revealed that only with good skills did…

Observed changes in clients' expectations-perceptions over time and as a function of duration in counseling, and the relationship between perceptions and actual interview behavior. Results suggested before counseling clients focused more on the relationship than on expected results. By termination, perceptions of process and outcome were similar.…