Higher education is acknowledged today as a capital investment and is of paramount importance for economic and social development of a country (Barnet, 1990). Some specialists called attention that the present higher education system employs rote memorization approach rather than critical thinking by students. It is, therefore, needed not only to…

Formal education was used by the apartheid government to prepare black South Africans for manual labour, thus there was little curricular focus on the development of higher-order cognitive skills. With the abolition of apartheid in 1994, the education system was re-valued and re-evaluated to provide wider access to quality education; the focus of…

Many college science educators have moved away from the traditional lecture format and toward learner-centered classroom environments. Yet many of us struggle to cover large content loads, reverting at times to rote memorization. This paper suggests rote memorization simply does not work and students must be actively engaged to learn. (Contains 1…

The traditional presumption in higher education that subject-matter knowledge is sufficient for effective teaching is breaking down. One cause of this change is the growing knowledge about how people learn, a consequence of which is a heightened focus on student-centered teaching practices. Another is the increasing diversity of students seeking…

A description of the geography curriculum at the University of Bucharest, Rumania. Educational program is controlled by the Communist Party. The approach is practical and emphasizes factual learning. It is highly ideological and strongly atheistic. Course work is structured and there are no student options or electives. (Author/BC)