Although outdoor leadership does not appear to be coalescing into a unified profession, there are potential solutions to this fragmentation. Six robust approaches to the professional provision of outdoor leadership are: (1) outfitting and guiding; (2) organized camping; (3) adventure education, such as Outward Bound; (4) the outdoor school; (5)…

The National Association of Therapeutic Wilderness Camps (NATWC) established a counselor certification program, but it has not been affiliated with a college program awarding academic degree credit. East Tennessee State University developed a curriculum that can be matched with the NATWC competencies. Students can be certified through coursework…

This proceedings contains 16 papers on recreation and adventure programming, outdoor education, and outdoor leadership training. The papers are: (1) "Beyond Recreation: Our Classroom Is Wild America" (Barry Auskern); (2) "Outward Bound Leadership Model: An Exploratory Study of Leadership Variables" (Natalie L. Bartley); (3)…

This research study used the Delphi technique to determine the ideal content of a college-level outdoor leadership course for land-based outdoor pursuits in the Pacific Northwest. Topics were generated and value-rated by 61 Pacific Northwest outdoor leaders using a Likert-type scale in three separate questionnaires. Thirty-five topics were…

This book is the primary text for the Certified Camp Director Program and the Basic Camp Directors Course sponsored by the American Camping Association (Indiana). It provides an orientation for new and prospective camp directors and a quick reference for experienced camp directors. The book covers the following topics: (1) an historical overview…

This conference proceedings includes 24 papers about outdoor educational and recreational programs, program planning, instructional techniques, educational strategies, leadership skills, and program outcomes. Entries are: (1) Opening Session: "Out of Our Corsets and into the Woods: A Fun Look at the History of Women Adventurers" (Denise…

A sample of 17 Camrose Lutheran College students (ages 19 to 24) who were enrolled in a 22-day wilderness Outdoor Education Leadership Course and a control group of 22 students who were not enrolled in the course were studied for changes in participants' self-concept and for the factors and curriculum activities which affected self-concept.…

This proceedings includes 18 papers and abstracts of papers presented at the third biennial research symposium of the Coalition for Education in the Outdoors. Following an introduction, "Strengthening the Foundations of Outdoor Education" (Anderson B. Young, Leo H. McAvoy), the papers and abstracts are: "Research in Outdoor…