Open universities have provided quality higher education through open and distance education to serve learners who could not attend traditional in-person universities. While open universities vary in terms of providing their services to learners at a distance, many have shifted to e-learning using cost-effective platforms. A common platform that…

The influence of the information and communication technologies (ICTs) in open and distance learning (ODL) in a developing country, the Philippines, is critically evaluated in this paper. Specifically, this paper examines how ICTs have influenced or shaped the development of ODL in this country. Also examined are the different stages or…

This publication is a compilation of twenty-four studies on Asian experiences with new educational techniques for preparing educational personnel in response to demands for the universalization of education. Ten of the studies were originally presented at a study group which met in Bangkok, Thailand, in the fall of 1978. These studies have been…